1. Writing a Cause Paragraph

2. Do you remember the writing process? 1. Choose a topic 2. BRAINSTORM for ideas 3. Create an outline to organize your ideas 4. Write! Following this process will help you have good STRUCTURE and CONTENT in your writing.

3. Make a list of causes Then narrow down that list to include only the most important causes

4. Explain each cause or effect in the paragraph in as much detail as possible. Likely you will need to offer a little effect to a cause paragraph just to give it context.

5. Causes of Obesity CAUSES eating too much fatty food lack of exercise sleeping disorders EFFECT OBESITY

6. Causes of Stress CAUSES Lack of relaxation Excessive worrying Financial problems Traffic jams EFEECT STRESS

7. Topic Sentence Write a clear topic sentence. It should state the main idea of your paragraph. In other words, what point are you trying to make?

8. Useful Sentence patterns for Cause Paragraph 1.There are several caues ________ reasons for _____ There are several causes of obesity.

9. 2. There are three main reasons why ___________ four important reasons why ________ sevaral interesting resons why_______ There are three main reasons why I want to get my own apartment.

10. 3. The reason why ______is to______ The reason why many people exercise is to have a healthy life.

11. 4. Probably the most well known reason of _____ is _______. Probably the most well known reason of obesity is eating too much.

12. Write at least three supporting sentences. Give details and examples to expand your ideas.

13. Istanbul the most attractive city Istanbul is the most attractive city in Turkey for various reasons. One reason is that, there are more job opportunities in Istanbul than other cities. People can find a variety of jobs in many fields like architecture, engineering, marketing, finance, and teaching. Besides, big companies such as Sabancı and Koç have lots of firms and branches where you can find many different kinds of well-paid jobs. Another reason why people find Istanbul appealing is that it has beautiful places to visit. Actually, Istanbul is one of the liveliest cities in the world. Lots of tourists from all over the world visit Istanbul because of its historic places and picturesque view of the Bosphorus. A final reason is that the social and cultural life in this megacity attracts people. For example cinemas, theatres, restaurants, bars and cafes, there are hundreds of where you can spend a good time with friends. Especially, the nightlife is colorful and entertaining. In short, if you are looking for a great place where you can work, live, and of course have fun, Istanbul is a great city for you.

14. 1st Supporting idea: job opportunities Detail 1: variety of jobs e.g.Architecture,engineering Detail 2: big companies Well-paid jobs e.g.Koç,Sabancı 2nd Supporting idea: beautiful places Detail 1: lively city/tourists e.g.historic places/ the Bosphorous 3rd Supporting idea: Social & cultural life Detail 1: e.g. cinemas,theatres Detail 2: Colourful & entertaining life

15. Istanbul the most attractive city Istanbul is the most attractive city in Turkey for various reasons. One reason is that, there are more job opportunities in Istanbul than other cities. People can find a variety of jobs in many fields like architecture, engineering, marketing, finance, and teaching. Besides, big companies such as Sabancı and Koç have lots of firms and branches where you can find many different kinds of well-paid jobs. Another reason why people find Istanbul appealing is that it has beautiful places to visit. Actually, Istanbul is one of the liveliest cities in the world. Lots of tourists from all over the world visit Istanbul because of its historic places and picturesque view of the Bosphorus. A final reason is that the social and cultural life in this megacity attracts people. For example cinemas, theatres, restaurants, bars and cafes, there are hundreds of where you can spend a good time with friends. Especially, the nightlife is colorful and entertaining. In short, if you are looking for a great place where you can work, live, and of course have fun, Istanbul is a great city for you.

16. What IS good CONTENT? Main Subtopics: Topic: Caueses for prefering Istanbul Subtopics: 1: you can find a variety of jobs. 2: it has beautiful places. 3: the social and cultural life attracts people Do you think these are good subtopics for this topic? Why or why not?

17. Transitional Words Use transitional words in your paragraph, such as: First,second,also, in addition, thus, because, as a result,and finally.

18. Learning A Foreign Language People want to become fluent in a foreign language because of several factors. One reason for learning to communicate in a foreign language is that people can expand their social networks. For example, people who know to speak English can contact with people all over/around the world and can increase the number of their friends. Another reason is that mastering a foreign language opens you up to a world of opportunities. Big companies like Sabancı, Koç, and other international firms prefer to work with employees who can interact with foreign customers in a foreign language effectively. Also, such employees get a high income. Finally, by studying a foreign language, individuals can equip themselves with two sets of lenses which help language users to view the same reality through different cultures. For instance, a person who knows Spanish can also think like a Spanish person by being aware of their culture and traditions. In short, knowing a language brings along varied advantages and opportunities.

19. What IS good CONTENT? Main Subtopics: Topic: Learning a foreign language Subtopics: 1:. soial networks 2: job opportunities 3: diffrent views about different cultures How do these subtopics compare to the first ones? Do these subtopics make the paragraph easier to write? Do they make it more interesting to read?

20. Concluding Sentence Start with an appropriate connecting word: in short, to summarize, and so on. Summarize the main points OR Paraphrase the topic sentence In brief, if you are looking for a great place where you can work, live, and of course have fun, Istanbul is a great city for you. In short, knowing a language brings along varied advantages and opportunities.

21. More to study http://www.occc.edu/mschneberger/CWParagraph5.html http://lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/students/fwalters/cause.html http://grammar.about.com/od/c/g/causeeffect.html

22. Now write your own cause paragraph on one of the topics given in your books.