2. 8A Unit 3 Grammar 语法 Part A Baixia District In-Service Training School for K-12 Teachers, Nanjing Huang Hongqi

3. Learn the following words and phrases 学习下列词语： travel around the world by coach （乘客车） places of interest （名胜） the Palace Museum （故宫） Inner Mongolia （内蒙） the Yellow Mountain （黄山） horse riding （骑马） skiing in snow （滑雪） the Eiffel Tower the Golden Gate Bridge real pyramids in Egypt famous restaurant （餐馆） at Christmas （圣诞节） the World Park （世界景观园） busy traffic （繁忙的交通） great fun （好玩）

4. We use “and”, “but” and “or” to join ideas together. We use “and”, “but” and “or” to join ideas together. The word and is used to join ideas that are similar. The word and is used to join ideas that are similar. similar 指词语、句子之间意义相关联的意思。 如 huge and wonderful, a pen and some paper 表 示内容相类的情况。 Sit down and have a rest. 本句与先后顺序相关。 I missed the supper and I am starving.“ 我没吃晚饭， 现在饿死了 ” 则表现了因果关系。 II. Learn the conjunctions 连词 “and”, “but” and “or”

5. But is used to join ideas that are different. different 指 but 后面连接的词语增加了不同 的内容， small but wonderful 。 与前面的说法相比，有点令人惊讶，如 It‘s an old car, but it’s very reliable. 这是一辆 旧车，却很好用。

6. Or is used to join possibilities and options Or is used to join possibilities and options possibility 可能性，如 Shall we go out to the cinema or stay at home? option 选择，如 You can have ham, cheese or tuna. 你可以从火腿、奶酪、生鱼片中选一样。 有时连接可能发生不良后果的选择。 Wear your coat or you'll catch cold. Hurry up or we'll be late.

7. III. Join the following sentences with and, but and or ( 用连词 and, but, or 将下列句子合并） ： 1. The sky was blue. Everything was beautiful. The sky was blue and everything was beautiful. Compare 比较： It was a great day. It was a great day. We did not enjoy it at the beginning. We did not enjoy it at the beginning. It was a great day but we did not enjoy it at the beginning. It was a great day but we did not enjoy it at the beginning.

8. 2. We saw the Eiffel Tower. We liked it very much. We liked it very much. We saw the Eiffel Tower and liked it very much. ( 此处 and 指动作或事件的先后 关联。）

9. 3. The Golden Gate Bridge was huge. The Golden Gate Bridge was wonderful. The Golden Gate Bridge was wonderful. The Golden Gate Bridge was huge and wonderful. The model Golden Gate Bridge was small. The model Golden Gate Bridge was small. The model Golden Gate Bridge was wonderful. The model Golden Gate Bridge was wonderful. Compare 比较 : Compare 比较 : The model Golden Gate Bridge was small but wonderful.

10. 4. The model pyramids were small. The model pyramids looked just like the real ones. The model pyramids looked just like the real ones. The model pyramids were small but looked just like the real ones.

11. 5. Mary is good at singing. Mary is weak in dancing. Mary is weak in dancing. Mary is good at singing but weak in dancing. Mary is good at singing but weak in dancing. Compare 比较： Compare 比较： Mary is good at singing. Mary is good at singing. Mary is better in dancing. Mary is better in dancing. Mary is good at singing and better in dancing. Mary is good at singing and better in dancing.

12. 6. We can visit the World Park. We can travel around the world. or 表示可做的选择，译为 “ 或者 ” We can visit the World Park or travel around the world. （ or 表示可做的选择，译为 “ 或者 ” 。） 7. Hurry up! You’ll be late for the meeting. You’ll be late for the meeting. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for the meeting. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for the meeting. (or 在此句中表示避免不好的情况发生，译为 “ 要不然 ” 。）

13. 8. Would you like to stay at home? Would you like to go swimming with us? Would you like to stay at home or go swimming with us? ( 要略去后面句中相同的部分 : Would you like to ）

14. 9. We can go to the Palace Museum by coach. We can go to the Palace Museum by underground. We can go to the Palace Museum by coach or by underground. 10. Michael did not go to the park. Michael did not go to the cinema. Michael did not go to the park or to the cinema. ( 注意此处 or 在否定句中的用法。）

15. IV. Make sentences with an or in each sentence （用 下列词语提示造句, 句中含连词 or ）：  go to the Eiffel Tower first / visit the pyramids first  with her friends / parents  play basketball / tennis  read books / play cards  stay at home / go swimming with us  by coach or by metro  wear your coat / you'll catch cold  in spring / in autumn  Lily / Mike

16. V. Now everyone, please close your eyes and put down your head on your desk for a while. Try to make 3~6 sentences with and, but and or. You can have 3 minutes to prepare. （请闭上眼睛，低头想一想，用 and 、 but 、 or 造句。在 3 分钟时间之内，准备好说出 3~6 个句子。）

17. Tianjin has many restaurants. Tianjin baozi is very famous there. and Tianji has many restaurants and Tianjin baozi is very famous there. VI. Write the sentences using ‘and’, ‘but’ and ‘or’ on page 48 of your textbook （在教材 46 页上，从连词 and, but, or 中找出正确词，填写每题的横线上。） : Fill in the blanks

18. It was very cold in winter in Heilongjiang. Skiing there is great fun. It was very cold in winter in Heilongjiang but skiing there is great fun. You can go to the Palace Museum with Kitty. You can go to the Palace Museum with Sandy. You can go to the Palace Museum with Kitty or Sandy.

19. The Yellow Mountain is high. The Yellow Mountain is beautiful. The Yellow Mountain is high and beautiful. You can go to Shenzhen at Christmas. You can go to Shanghai at Christmas. You can go to Shenzhen or Shanghai at Christmas.

20. Inner Mongolia is a great place. You can go horse riding there. Homework Inner Mongolia is a great place and you can go horse riding there. I like Huaihai Roads in Shanghai. I don’t like the busy traffic. I like Huaihai Roads in Shanghai but I don’t like the busy traffic.

21. VII. Complete the sentences using ‘and’, ‘but’ and ‘or’ （用连词 and, but, or 填空） : （用连词 and, but, or 填空） : 1.Can you show me another one? I like light blue ____ it is too dark! 2. My sister likes this dog very much ____ I like it too. 3. It’s raining now, we can’t go out. We can read books ____ play cards in the sitting-room. 4. The Great Wall was wonderful ____ the day was too hot. 5. He knocked on the door ____ went in. 6. He doesn't have a TV set ____ a video. （本题 or 是否定句的用法。） but and or but and or

22. 7. I want a computer （电脑） ______ my mother always says it’s not useful （有用的）. 8. If you like going out for a walk, I’d like to go with you _____ you can go by yourself. 9. I have finished all the work ______ I want to go to bed at once. 10. I was feeling hungry （饥饿）, _______ I made myself a sandwich （三明治）. 11. Sonia never cleans ______ even offers （主动） to wash the dishes. but or and so / and or The additional exercisesDiscussion

23.  Hangzhou has many places of interest. Many people like to go there for holidays.  It is very hot in summer in Hainan. Scuba-diving there is very exciting.  You can visit the Yellow Mountain in spring. You can visit the Yellow Mountain in autumn.  I like Hunan Road in Nanjing. I like Hunan Road only for shopping.  You can go to Dalian in summer holiday. You can go to Guilin in summer holiday.  Qingdao is great in summer. You can go to the beach and swim every day. VIII. Join the following sentences with and, but and or 用 连词 and, but, or 连句（附加练习题） :

24. IX. Discuss the following in groups and write down what your classmates say. （分组讨论下列问题，做好适时记录）： 1.What interesting things did you do during the National Day holiday （国庆长假） ? 2. Did you go out with your parents for a change? Where did you go on your weeklong holiday? 3. Did you enjoy your trip? Say something about it. 4. What are your favourite places of interest in our country or in the world? And why? 5. Tell me about the trip you are going to make for the next year’s Golden Week.

25. Today’s homework 1. Do exercises II, III and V on pp 44-45 in your workbook. 2. Get prepared to make 6~10 sentences with and, but and or. We’ll have an oral check in our next English class. 3. Make a clear copy of the trips your classmates made during the National Day Holiday.