1. Sparta and Athens 4.2

2. Tyranny in the City-States Farmers, merchants, and artisans all wanted a part in Greek government. Their unhappiness led to the rise of tyrants, men who took power by force. These tyrants took power away from the nobles with much of the support coming from the hoplites in the army.

3. Most Greeks wanted all citizens to be a part of the government. So, most city-states became either a democracy or an oligarchy. VOCAB  Few held power  oligarchy  All citizens share in running the government  democracy

4. ATHENS  DEMOCRACY SPARTA  OLIGARCHY

5. SPARTA  FOCUS ON MILITARY  FEAR OF REBELLION  BOYS- TRAINING AT 7-60  GIRLS- SPORTS, STRONG, MORE FREEDOM  OLIGARCHY-2 KINGS/COUNCIL OF ELDERS  COUNCIL PRESENTED LAWS TO ASSEMBLY, WHO VOTED  EPHORS ENFORCED

6. SPARTA  DISCOURAGED FOREIGN VISITORS, BANNED TRAVEL ABROAD, NOT PERMITTED TO STUDY LITERATURE OR ARTS.  RESULT- SPARTA FELL BEHIND IN TRADE, SCIENCE, AND OTHER SUBJECTS

7. ATHENS  BOYS-READ, WRITE, ARITHMETIC, SPORTS, SINGING, MUSIC  GIRLS- HOUSEHOLD DUTIES, READING, WRITING, LYRE  GOVERNMENT- RULED BY LANDOWNING NOBLES  FARMERS DEBTS  SOLD AS SLAVES TO PAY  LAND FOR POOR!!!

8. LEADERS-SOLON  Cancelled debts, freed slaves  All males participate in assembly  400 (weatlhy) wrote laws, passed by assembly

9. LEADERS- PEISISTRATUS  Divided large estates among landless farmers  Loaned $ to poor  Gave jobs/building projects to unemployed

10. LEADERS- CLEISTHENES  Allowed open debate on matters  Hear court cases, appoint army generals  Council of 500 (chosen, not elected)  Carried out business, proposed laws, deal with foreign countries, oversaw treasury  Credited for creating DEMOCRACY  No non-citizens, women, foreign-born, or slaves