3. America or Americas, The, second-largest isolated land mass on Earth, comprising the two continents of the western hemisphere. America is a common designation for either or both North America America is renowned as super power,but this astonishing fact that America was unknown till the sea route through Atlantic ocean was founded by Columbus.

4. Declination of constatipol in 1453 cutted the routes for east and its reach resources of spices and silk had been cut. To outflank the Turks,it was necessary to find optional route to east

5. Byzantine Empire The Crusades taxed the territories during the 11th century, precipitating a decline. Constantinople, the capital, was sacked in 1204 by Venetian Crusaders, and in 1453 was captured by the Ottoman Turks.Encarta Encyclopedia.

6. Based on information acquired by himself,Columbus concluded that if he sails westward,he would reach Asia. But, in 1484 his petition to king of Portugal John- 2 nd rejected by royal maritime commission

7. . In April 1492 his persistence was rewarded: Ferdinand V, king of Castile, and Queen Isabella agreed to sponsor the expedition. The signed contract stipulated that Columbus was to become viceroy

8. THE KING OF SPAIN; who helped Christopher Columbus for his voyage to America.

9. Letter written by QUEEN ISABELLA to Columbus in which,she consented for voyage of Columbus to find sea route to India.

10. The fleet sailed from Palos, Spain, on August 3, 1492, carrying perhaps 90 men. Fleet,which were: Santa Maria,Piñata,and Nina. The fleet sailed from Palos, Spain, on August 3, 1492, carrying perhaps 90 men. Fleet,which were: Santa Maria,Piñata,and Nina.

11. World map made by Paolo toscanelli in fifteenth century,which Columbus used in his voyage

12. Santa María,Niña, and Pinta Christopher Columbus’s three ships took him and his crew of 90 men to the New World in about 5½ weeks. No one knows exactly what the ships looked like, but most scholars agree the Santa Maria (centre) was about 35 m (115 ft) long. The Niña and the Pinta were perhaps as little as 15 m (50 ft) long.

13. On October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus made his first landing in the New World in the Bahamas. The island, Guanahani, on which he first set foot is claimed by many, but he named it San Salvador;.

14. Vespucci, Amerigo (Latin, Americus Vespucius) (1454-1512), Italian navigator, born in Florence, who claimed that on his first voyage (1497-1498) he reached the North American mainland before any other explorer BUT, WAS AMERIGO VESSPUCCI FIRST WHO REACHED NORTH AMERICA? ?

15. According to “TALE OF GREENLANDERS” the Vikings may have reached North America in 1000A.D. VIKINGS Vikings, collective designation of Nordic people— Danes, Swedes, Norwegians

16. Voyages to America followed hard on those to Greenland. The two sagas that tell the story credit the discovery of America variously to Bjarni Herjólfsson in 986 and to Leif Ericson around 1003.

17. Icelandic explorer thought to have been one of the first Europeans to set foot on North American soil.