1. Property of Lear Siegler

2. PRESSURE & WINDS Property of Lear Siegler

3. T L O

4. ELO # 1 ACTION: Identify the standard mean sea level in inches of mercury or millibars. CONDITION: Given pertinent information about mean sea level. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-3

5. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE Force exerted by the weight of a column of air per unit area Property of Lear Siegler

6. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE Force exerted by the weight of a column of air per unit area Property of Lear Siegler Each brick = 1 lb Total Wt 8 lbs Scale

7. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE Force exerted by the weight of a column of air per unit area Property of Lear Siegler Total Wt 1 lb

8. Property of Lear Siegler

9. Mercurial Barometer Vacuum in tube, most of air removed. Atmospheric Weight Normal atmospheric pressure at sea level supports a column of mercury 29.92 inches high

10. Property of Lear Siegler Aneroid Barometer

11. 29.92 “hg 1013.2 hP / mb Standard Day Pressure Property of Lear Siegler

12. 24.92 “Hg 29.92 “Hg 1013.2 mb 843.9 mb New Orleans Denver 1013.2 mb SLP = Station Pressure SLP : Station pressure corrected for elevation and temperature SLP = 1013.2 mb Station Pressure Property of Lear Siegler

14. 1004 mb

15. ELO # 2 ACTION: Identify the definition of an isobar. CONDITION: From a list select the correct definition. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-5

16. ISOBARS LINES CONNECTING POINTS OF EQUAL PRESSURE CORRECTED TO SEA LEVEL SPACED 4 MB APART 1004 mb

17. PURPOSE OF ISOBARS  TO SHOW AREAS OF HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE  TO SHOW WIND DIRECTION  TO SHOW RELATIVE WIND SPEEDS Property of Lear Siegler

18. ELO # 3 ACTION: Identify pressure patterns. CONDITION: From a chart, identify the correct mean sea level pressure. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-5

19. FM 1-230 Figure 5-6

20. 1024 1020 Property of Lear Siegler HIGH: (anticyclone) areas where pressure is higher than all surrounding pressure. H

21. Property of Lear Siegler RIDGE – an elongated area of high pressure

22. Property of Lear Siegler 992 996 1000 LOWS: (cyclones) areas where pressure is lower than all surrounding pressure.

23. Property of Lear Siegler Trough – an elongated area of low pressure

24. Property of Lear Siegler

25. ELO # 4 ACTION: Identify the definition of pressure gradient force. CONDITION: From a list select the correct definition. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 5-6

26. PRESSURE GRADIENT FORCE The force exerted by the change in pressure per unit of horizontal distance. (The rate at which the air will accelerate depends on the rate at which pressure changes with distance.) This force causes the wind to blow.

27. ELO # 5 ACTION: Identify the characteristics of the pressure gradient force. CONDITION: Given a list, select the characteristics of the pressure gradient force. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

28. PRESSURE GRADIENT ACTS FROM HIGH TO LOW PRESSURE ACTS PERPENDICULAR TO ISOBARS Property of Lear Siegler

29. H L

30. PRESSURE GRADIENT FORCE--Force exerted by the change in pressure per unit of horizontal distance. Property of Lear Siegler

31. PRESSURE GRADIENT ISOBARS CLOSELY SPACED WEAK OR FLAT PRESSURE GRADIENT CALM OR LIGHT WINDS ISOBARS WIDELY SPACED STRONG OR STEEP PRESSURE GRADIENT MODERATE TO STRONG WINDS Property of Lear Siegler

32. Break

40. Property of Lear Siegler

41. ELO # 6 ACTION: Identify the characteristics of Coriolis force. CONDITION: From a list select the statement that correctly describes the effects of Coriolis force. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230 para 6-7

42. Coriolis Force A FORCE DEVELOPED BY THE UNEQUAL SPEED OF ROTATION OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE. Property of Lear Siegler

43. Characteristics

46. Largest Deflection Least Deflection No Deflection Intermediate Deflection Characteristics

49. Property of Lear Siegler

52. CORIOLIS CHARACTERISTICS ACTS PERPENDICULAR TO WIND PROPORTIONAL TO WIND SPEED STRONGEST AT POLES ZERO AT EQUATOR Property of Lear Siegler Break 2 vw sin  ( velocity of the object x angular velocity of Earth x latitude)

53. CORIOLIS CHARACTERISTICS ACTS PERPENDICULAR TO WIND PROPORTIONAL TO WIND SPEED STRONGEST AT POLES ZERO AT EQUATOR Property of Lear Siegler Break

54. ELO # 7 ACTION: Identify the definition of wind flow around highs and lows in the Northern Hemisphere. CONDITION: From a list identify the orientation of wind flow in relation to the isobars. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

55. H L Property of Lear Siegler

56. Pressure gradient H L Property of Lear Siegler

57. Pressure gradient Wind Property of Lear Siegler

58. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Property of Lear Siegler

59. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Property of Lear Siegler

60. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Property of Lear Siegler

61. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Property of Lear Siegler

62. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Property of Lear Siegler

63. http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/fw/gifs /geo.mpg

65. GRADIENT WIND H L Property of Lear Siegler ABOVE 2000’

66. H Property of Lear Siegler

67. H

68. H

69. L

70. L

71. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Property of Lear Siegler Break

72. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Friction Property of Lear Siegler

73. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Friction Property of Lear Siegler

74. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Friction Property of Lear Siegler

75. Pressure gradient Wind Coriolis Friction Property of Lear Siegler

76. SURFACE WIND H L Property of Lear Siegler

78. H L GRADIENT WINDS / WINDS ALOFT Property of Lear Siegler

79. H L SURFACE WINDS Property of Lear Siegler

82. 360 090 180 270 060 Property of Lear Siegler

83. 360 090 180 270 240 Property of Lear Siegler

84. 360 090 180 270 WINDS ALOFT 180 Property of Lear Siegler

85. 360 090 180 270 SURFACE WIND 150 Property of Lear Siegler

86. 360 090 180 270 WINDS ALOFT 360 Property of Lear Siegler

87. 360 090 180 270 SURFACE WINDS 330 Property of Lear Siegler

88. ????????? IF THE GRADIENT WIND AT 2500´ ABOVE THE SURFACE IS FROM 270° WHAT RUNWAY SHOULD YOU LAND ON? N Property of Lear Siegler

89. 2500 N SURFACE Property of Lear Siegler

92. ELO # 8 ACTION: Identify the characteristics of high and low pressure systems. CONDITION: From a list identify the characteristics of a high or low pressure system. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

93. HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEMS (ANTICYCLONE) GENERAL WEATHER SINKING OF AIR NEAR CENTER DIVERGENCE FAVORABLE WEATHER LIGHT TO MODERATE WINDS POSSIBLE EARLY MORNING FOG LAYERS OF HAZE CENTER OF HIGH – CLEAR SKIES Property of Lear Siegler

94. LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM (CYCLONE) GENERAL WEATHER LIFTING NEAR CENTER OF LOW CONVERGENCE MODERATE TO STRONG WINDS TURBULENCE CUMULIFORM CLOUDS RAIN SHOWERS AND/OR HAIL FRONTAL SYSTEMS Property of Lear Siegler

95. ELO # 9 ACTION: Using Buys Ballot Law, determine if an aircraft is flying toward higher or lower pressure. CONDITION: Given aircraft heading, wind direction, or ground track, determine if the aircraft is flying toward high or low pressure. STANDARD: IAW FM 1-230

96. BUYS BALLOT’S LAW WITH YOUR BACK TO THE WIND, LOW PRESSURE WILL TO YOUR LEFT H L Property of Lear Siegler

97. H L WINDS ALOFT Property of Lear Siegler

98. TRUE ALT IND ALT Property of Lear Siegler Ind True H L L H

99. H 3000’ True Atmospheric Pressure 3500’ Ind. 4000’Ind. High to Low – Look Out Below Indicated True

100. L 3000’ True Atmospheric Pressure 2500’ Ind. 2000’Ind. Low to High-- Nothing but Sky True Indicated

101. Safety First… There are 3 simple rules for making a smooth landing. Unfortunately, no one knows what they are.

102. FM 1-230 References for today… Pressure 5-1 thru 5-7 Atmospheric Circulation 6-6 thru 6-8

103. FM 1-230 References for tomorrow… Moisture Chapter 4 Stability Chapter 7 Clouds Chapter 8

105. STOP Abandon hope all ye who enter here You are entering the hidden slide Zone

106. Back

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