1. How a Bill Becomes a Law

2. Law making process Types of Bills Types of Bills – Public Bill – Private Bill Types of Resolutions Types of Resolutions – Simple resolution – Joint resolution – Concurrent resolution

3. Formal Leadership Leadership in the House The Speaker of the House The Majority Leader The Minority Leader Whips Leadership in the Senate Vice President Majority Leader Minority leader Whips

4. Types of Congressional Committees Standing Committees Standing Committees – Where all bills are referred Select Committees Select Committees – accomplish a particular task Joint Committees Joint Committees – members of each chamber Conference Committees Conference Committees – Settles differences between versions of bills House Rules Committee House Rules Committee – makes rules that will govern what happens to the bill on the floor of the House

6. Procedures Crafting the Bill Pigeonholing Pigeonholing Hearings Hearings Markups Markups Riders (Xmas tree bills) Riders (Xmas tree bills) Reconciliation ReconciliationVoting Voice vote Voice vote Standing vote Standing vote Roll call Roll call

8. Questions 1.How can placing a rider on a bill aid, or prevent, it from being passed? 2.How might congressional procedure impact whether or not a bill passes? 3.Why is the line-item veto unconstitutional?