1. Understand that sound waves are produced by vibrating objects, and that sound requires a medium to travel through. Understand the links between amplitude, loudness and energy in a sound wave. Understand the links between wavelength, frequency and pitch of a sound. Textbook references:p. 128-129, p. 132-133 Filepath: I:\Ph\Y11\11.2 Physics - Mr Peter (PEW)\11.2 Lesson Notes\ Waves Topic\Lesson 3 - The Nature of Sound Sound: Learning Objectives

2. Waves: Sound Contents Sound as vibrations Describing sound waves Sound waves need a medium

3. How do instruments produce sounds… What do you have to do to musical instruments to get sounds from them? How do you change the pitch and loudness for each one? violin strings drum skin voice box trumpet

4. What causes sound? Sounds are made when an object vibrates. If you take a tuning fork and strike it against a block of wood, the tuning fork vibrates and you hear a sound.

5. How does sound travel? How does sound reach your ear? When the drum skin is struck, it ****** which causes the air beside the drum to vibrate. The compression and stretching of air ****** creates a sound wave which is carried through the air to your ear. What type of wave is a sound wave? ****** wave

6. Waves: Sound Contents Sound as vibrations Describing sound waves Sound waves need a medium

7. Remove the air from the bell jar and what happens to the sound? The bell-jar experiment Place a ringing clock inside the bell jar and what happens? There is air inside the bell jar so the sound can travel and be heard. With a ****** inside the bell jar, the sound cannot be heard. Why? vacuum pump on

8. Sound and states of matter Sound waves need a substance to travel through. What are all substances made of? What is the particle model of a solid, a liquid and a gas? In which state are the particles closest together? In which state are the particles furthest apart? ****** solidgasliquid

9. Sound and states of matter Sound waves travel by particles vibrating. What state does sound travel fastest through and why? The particles in a solid are closer together than in a gas or a liquid. This means ****** are more easily passed from particle to particle and so sound waves travels faster. solidgasliquid Sound waves travel fastest through ******.

10. Understanding Review Questions 1.Describe briefly how you would increase the loudness and the pitch of: - a stringed instrument (such as a guitar) - a wind instrument (such as a flute) - a percussion instrument (such as a drum) 2.An unmanned boat explodes loudly while at sea. Can you explain why a dolphin (underwater) 2km away reacts to the sound waves faster than a sailor on the deck of a boat the same distance away?

11. Waves: Sound Contents Sound as vibrations Describing sound waves Sound waves need a medium

12. Sound waves can be studied with this type of equipment. ****** signal generator oscilloscope Which piece of equipment… produces signals over a range of frequencies and of varying amplitudes? converts signals into sound waves? is used to study the frequency and loudness of a sound? ****** generator ****** loudspeaker Studying sound waves

13. loud sound quiet sound What is the difference between the sound wave of a quiet sound and a loud sound? The loud sound has taller waves. What would the sound wave of a very loud sound look like? The louder the sound, the greater the ******. Why sound is quiet or loud?

14. Which is the loudest? Sound ****** is the loudest. Which trace represents the loudest sound? Sound A has the ****** amplitude, which means the wave has ****** energy and so the sound is ******. AB

15. low pitch sound high pitch sound What is the difference between the sound wave of a low pitch sound and a high pitch sound? The ****** ****** sound has a ****** wavelength, so more waves are visible. It has ****** frequency waves. What would the sound wave of a very low sound look like? Why sound is low pitch or high pitch?

16. Which is the highest? Which trace represents the sound with the highest pitch? Sound B is the ****** pitched. Sound B has the ****** wavelength and the ****** number of waves visible, so it has the ****** frequency. BA

17. Wave animation

18. Understand that sound waves are produced by ****** objects, and that sound requires a medium to travel through. Understand the links between amplitude, loudness and ****** in a sound wave. Understand the links between wavelength, frequency and ****** of a sound. Textbook references:p. 128-129, p. 132-133 Homework:Homework section of Waves worksheet Sound: Learning Objectives