1. Ancient Greece Study Guide and Review

2. Chapter 4 Section 1
1. Only free native-born men who owned land could be citizens p.122
2. The Greek alphabet was based on the Phoenician alphabet p. 120

3. Chapter 4 Section 2
1. Peisistratus won the support of the poor by dividing large estates among landless farmer. P.129
2. Spartan returned home at age 30. p.127

4. Chapter 4 Section 3
1. Xerxes became the Persian king after the death of his father Darius in 486 B.C. p.135
2. Xerxes wanted to conquer Greece because he wanted to seek revenge, to win glory, and to increase his country’s wealth. P.135
3. The Greeks won the battle of Salamis because their ships could move around quickly. P. 136

5. Chapter 4 Section 4
The Delian League began as an alliance to protect the Greeks from the Persians. P. 139
In direct democracy, people gather at mass meetings to decide government matters. P.139

6. Chapter 5 Section 1 The goddess of wisdom and crafts is Athena p. 155
Homer’s epic Iliad is about the Trojan War. p.157

7. Chapter 5 Section 2
Philosophers believed the human mind could understand everything. P.169
Socrates was sentenced to death for his teachings. P. 170
Plato thought that government should be headed by philosopher-kings. p. 170
A Greek named Herodotus wrote the history of the Persian Wars. P. 173

8. Terms, People, Places Spartans focused on military training
Pericles made Athens more democratic
Satrapies were Persian states or provinces
Oligarchy was a form of government used by Spartans
A strait a narrow body water with land on both sides

9. Parthenon was created by workers hauled 20,000 tons of marble and took 15 years to build
Tyrant rules with authority
Athens focused on government and education
Cyrus the Great was the King of Persia
A myth is a traditional story about gods and heroes.

10. Thucydides was considered by some to be the greatest historian of the ancient world.
Pythagoras taught that the universe followed the same rules as music and numbers.
Mount Olympus is the highest mountain in Greece.