1. interactive architecture_responsive environments

2. background_emergence01 The term responsive architecture was coined by Nicholas Negroponte in the late 1960s, when he proposed that architecture would benefit from the integration of computing power into built spaces and structures, and that better performing, more rational buildings would be the result.Nicholas Negroponte -wikipedia

3. background_emergence02 [ Interactive architecture ] is the base from which concepts about time dependant architecture can be explored both theoretically and experimentally. The idea that architecture and the perception of architecture can change over time allows speculation about an architecture which interacts with its environments and its user. Questions are raised which can draw on answers from art practice, theories of perception, cybernetics, physics, biology and recent (and not so recent) developments in architectural practice. - The Bartlett School

4. academics_research hotspots

5. academics_key research groups/institutions United States Kinetic Design Group @MIT, Cambridge, MA (now in LA) MIT Responsive Environments Group @MIT, Cambridge, MA MIT Intelligent room: AIRE @MIT, Cambridge, MA MIT House of the Future @MIT, Cambridge, MA UCLA SenseLab @UCLA, Los Angeles, CA Europe IAAC – Institute d’arquitectura avancada de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Interactive Architecture Workshop @ the Bartlett school, London, England (woks with MIT Media Lab) Responsive Environments Group @ the Architectural Association, London, England Interaction Design @ the Royal College of Art, London, England Australia Spatial Information Architecture Laboratory (SIAL) @ RMIT, Melbourne Australia More complete list of institutions.

6. case study 01_hyposurface Hyposurface (1999-2001) Developed by Marc Goulthorpe and his dECOi office as an entry into a competition for an interactive art piece in the lobby of a theater in Birmingham, England Composed of small metal pieces that are controlled by a set of 896 pneumatic pistons These are stimulated by factors such as light, sound, touch, etc… and respond in real time to produce a true interactive experience Marks an important moment in the shift from autoplastic (determinate) to alloplastic (indeterminate and interactive) Source: SIAL-Melbourne

7. case study 02_bridge Bridge (2006) Installation by British artist Michael Cross Series of mechanical steps that emerge one at a time as you move across the water As you step down on the first pad, your weight triggers the next pad to rise out of the water Bridge is a great example and reminder that “interactive environments” need not always be linked to the digital realm Source: pixelsumo

8. case study 03_dune Dune4.1 (2007) Installation by artist Daan Roosegaarde in Rotterdam, Holland Dune is an “interactive landscape” that is affected by the sounds and movements of passers-by. It is composed of fiber optics, steel, microphones, and motion/sound sensors. Source: studio roosegaard

9. responsive/interactive arch_others Additional Works Firms: Nox Architects (1)(1) Servo Architects (1)(1) Kitchen Rogers Design (1)(1) KDa Architects (1)(1) Haque Design+Research (1)(1) Adam Somlai-Fischer (1) (1) Blogs/Websites robotecture.com interactivearchitecture.org MIT Media Lab MIT Kinetic Design Group