1. ICS 131: Social Analysis of Computerization Lecture 14: Computer Supported Collaborative Work

2. Announcements In the spirit of the course… One free credit report per year, mandated by the US government. Available at: http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/credit/freereports.htm Get a sense for what the financial powers-that-be know about you.

3. Key Idea Computational technology can change the way people work together.

4. How do people work? Collaborative Clearly defined roles Hierarchies

5. Why is work collaborative? Because one person doesn’t have all the necessary skills. Because it’s more efficient.

6. Why clearly defined roles? Allows people to understand their responsibilities and focus their efforts. Allows for longer-range planning.

7. Why hierarchies? Flow of information. Flow of control. Clear point of control.

8. Describe a Job You’ve Had Organizational structure Tasks Role of computers

9. How does computation affect collaboration? Remote. Example? Asynchronous. Example? Large scale. Example? Other effects?

10. Technologies that enable collaboration Pre 1900 1900-1980 1980-present

11. How does computation affect work roles? Greater fluidity. E.g., open source development communities let people see what has already been done. Makes certain jobs obsolete. E.g. “computers”. OED: One who computes; a calculator, reckoner; spec. a person employed to make calculations in an observatory, in surveying, etc. Creates additional work roles - IT managers.

12. How does computation affect hierarchies? Flatter or higher? Why?

13. Military Hierarchies Situational awareness through computer networks. Flattening out as a result of IT.

14. Military Hierarchies Also, replacing some of the tasks at the lower levels of hierarchies with autonomous systems. First robot killed in action

15. Open Source Software Development What is it? Examples? Why does it work? What are the problems?

16. Readings NYTimes - Life Hackers Mark, Gonzalez and Harris -Fragmented Work

17. Life Hackers What projects are described? What common themes are presented?

18. Mark, Gonzalez and Harris Researchers here at UCI.

19. Methodology How did they conduct their study?

20. What is a working sphere?

21. What types of interruptions are there?

22. How long did people spend in a working sphere before switching?

23. Multitasking How frequently?

24. Differences between the two readings?

25. Talk Show Please tell two stories of how computing technology has influenced a collaborative work experience during a project class or similar effort, one based on your own experience, and one based on the experience of a person sitting next to you. Take 5 minutes to discuss.

26. Today’s discussants are... …come on down front! RECKSIEK, APRIL RENEE SLEIMAN, HUSSIEN N. TRAVERSO, DARIO ALEXANDER FULKERSON, JEFFREY JAMES HO, KY CUONG VAN V. ITOMURA, ERIC JAMES KAN, LONG TING MATSUOKA, ASUKA NGAN, TIK HO PAREDES, ROBERT ANTHONY ULHAQ, MINAM

27. Next class: Privacy

28. Reading summaries due