1. All you need to know about Dengue
Science ACE Powerpoint Presentation
Done by: Lim Chun Han (16) 1P1

2. Overview of Presentation
What dengue is
Dengue fever and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
How dengue spreads
About Aedes mosquitoes
Symptoms and treatments
Preventing Dengue

3. What Dengue Fever is
Disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses:
(DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, or DENV 4)
Viruses are transmitted to the human body with help of Aedes mosquitoes

4. What is dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)?
A more severe form of dengue infection
Can be fatal if unrecognised
Caused by infection with the same viruses

5. How do these two types of fever spread?
Transmitted to people by the bite of an Aedes mosquito that is infected by a dengue virus
Symptoms may or may not shown, varying from individuals
Virus will be transmitted from the mosquito to the human body in about a week
Cannot spread from human to human

6. About Aedes mosquitoes
Becomes infective 7 days after it has bitten a person infected with dengue
Its average lifespan is 2 weeks
Peak biting is at dawn and dusk

7. Symptoms of dengue fever
High fever
Severe headache
Severe pain behind eyes
Joint, muscle and bone pain
Rash
Mild bleeding
Vomiting

8. Symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
Similar to those of the normal dengue fever, just that:
Fever may last from 2 – 7 days
When fever declines, vomiting, severe abdominal pain and difficulty breathing may develop
Tend to bruise easily or other types of skin hemorrhages (e.g. bleeding nose or gum, internal bleeding)

9. Treatment for dengue fever (Part I)
No specific medication yet
Infected people should use:
analgesics (pain relievers) with acetaminophen
Avoid analgesics containing aspirins

10. Treatments for Dengue Fever (Part II)
Rest, drink plenty of fluids and consult a physician
If infected person feels worse in the first 24 hours after the fever declines…
Go to the hospital immediately for evaluation

11. Treatments for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
No specific medication
Can be treated by fluid replacement therapy
If an early clinical diagnosis is made
Might require hospitalisation

12. Where outbreaks of dengue fever can occur
Areas where Ae. aegypti mosquitoes live
Most tropical urban areas
May be introduced into areas by travellers who become infected while visiting place where dengue fever can occur

13. Preventing dengue (Part I)
No vaccine
Eliminate places where the mosquito lays her eggs
Primarily artificial containers that hold water
Items that contain rainwater should be properly handled

14. Preventing dengue (Part II)
Such items should be emptied and cleaned at least once a week:
Pet and animal watering containers
Vases with fresh flowers
Such methods can reduce the risk of being infected by dengue:
Using air conditioning
Using window and door screens

15. Preventing Dengue (Part III)
Preventing dengue can also be comprehended into five steps:
Step 1
Turn pails and watering cans over and store them under shelter

16. Cover bamboo pole holders after use
Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d
Step 2
Remove water in plant pot plates. Clean and scrub the plate to remove mosquito eggs
Step 3
Replace the gully trap with non-perforated ones and install anti-mosquito valves
Step 4
Cover bamboo pole holders after use

17. Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d
Step 5
On every other day, change the water in the flower vases and clean and scrub the inner sides of the flower vases. Wash roots of flowers and plants thoroughly as well

18. Preventing Dengue - Insect repellents
A good tool for repelling mosquitoes
Precautions to take:
Do not use them under clothing
Do not use over cuts, wounds and irritating skins
Do not apply to eyes and mouth
Use just enough
Do not allow children to handle the product

19. Preventing dengue - Potential breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes
Flower pot
Flower pot plate
Hardened soil of potted plants
Collar of toilet bowls
Gully trap
Roof gutter
Road side drain
Scupper drain

20. Preventing dengue - Potential mosquito breeding sites

21. Thank You