1. The Early Recovery and Reconstruction Cluster in Pakistan - From saving lives to restoring livelihoods - Angelika Planitz UNDP BCPR Shelter Meeting May 2006

2. The Event Earthquake of 8 October 2005 Earthquake of 8 October 2005 Richter scale: 7.6 Richter scale: 7.6 Affected area: 30,000 sqkm: Affected area: 30,000 sqkm: Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK)Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK) North Western Frontier Province (NWFP)North Western Frontier Province (NWFP) Impacts: Impacts: Deaths - over 73,000Deaths - over 73,000 Seriously injured – over 69,000Seriously injured – over 69,000 Population affected - 3.5 millionPopulation affected - 3.5 million Homes damaged and destroyed – 600,000Homes damaged and destroyed – 600,000 Food insecure – 2.3 millionFood insecure – 2.3 million

3. The Early Recovery & Reconstruction Cluster Preparation of revised early recovery component of the Flash Appeal Preparation of revised early recovery component of the Flash Appeal Completion of a multi-sector rapid assessment of early recovery needs Completion of a multi-sector rapid assessment of early recovery needs Formulation of a government approved UN strategic framework for early recovery to guide programme identification Formulation of a government approved UN strategic framework for early recovery to guide programme identification Negotiation and agreement on guiding principles for recovery between UN and key donors/IFIs Negotiation and agreement on guiding principles for recovery between UN and key donors/IFIs Main platform to discuss livelihoods, governance, disaster reduction and environment Main platform to discuss livelihoods, governance, disaster reduction and environment Establishment of sector working groups under the umbrella of the ERRC specializing on livelihoods and housing Establishment of sector working groups under the umbrella of the ERRC specializing on livelihoods and housing Preparation of selected sector plans under the ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan Preparation of selected sector plans under the ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan

4. Overall Challenges Inconsistent understanding of the Humanitarian Cluster Approach Inconsistent understanding of the Humanitarian Cluster Approach Lack of guidance and tools to implement the cluster approach (ToRs, government role, field level, exit strategies, etc.) Lack of guidance and tools to implement the cluster approach (ToRs, government role, field level, exit strategies, etc.) Inconsistent understanding of early recovery interventions Inconsistent understanding of early recovery interventions Sub-ordinate priority assigned to early recovery efforts in the overall humanitarian response Sub-ordinate priority assigned to early recovery efforts in the overall humanitarian response

5. The Early Recovery Framework This framework was formulated with assistance from the UN System to inform and support the national strategy for rehabilitation and reconstruction Framework Objectives: Augment on-going humanitarian assistance Augment on-going humanitarian assistance Support spontaneous recovery efforts of the affected population Support spontaneous recovery efforts of the affected population Prepare the ground for sustainable long-term reconstruction Prepare the ground for sustainable long-term reconstruction Reduce disaster risk in the recovery and re-development process Reduce disaster risk in the recovery and re-development process

6. 10 Guiding Principle for Recovery Focus on the most vulnerable Restore capacities to manage recovery Rebuild people’s livelihoods Secure human development gains Reduce disaster risk Engage the private sector & civil society Independence and self-sufficiency Transparency and accountability Subsidiarity and decentralization Coordination and coherent approaches to recocery

7. Sector-specific Strategies and Interventions Shelter Shelter Employment, livelihoods & agriculture Employment, livelihoods & agriculture Governance & disaster reduction Governance & disaster reduction Environment Environment Education Education Protection Protection Food & Nutrition Food & Nutrition Health Health Water & Sanitation Water & Sanitation Basis for preparing “ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan”: Concrete programme proposals for mobilizing donor pledges Concrete programme proposals for mobilizing donor pledges Covers residual relief needs and recovery needs until April 2007 Covers residual relief needs and recovery needs until April 2007

8. Implementation & Coordination ERRA - The Earthquake Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Authority - Established in mid-October under the PM’s Office Established in mid-October under the PM’s Office Roles: planning, coordination, monitoring, reporting Roles: planning, coordination, monitoring, reporting Majority of recovery activities will be implemented at by provincial and local authorities, home-owners, civil society organizations and the private sector Majority of recovery activities will be implemented at by provincial and local authorities, home-owners, civil society organizations and the private sector ERRA has set up coordination mechanisms at the provincial and district level that will be integrated with Government’s decision-making architecture. ERRA has set up coordination mechanisms at the provincial and district level that will be integrated with Government’s decision-making architecture.

9. Global IASC Working Group on Early Recovery In operation since July 2006 In operation since July 2006 Addresses early recovery requirements in natural disaster and conflict settings Addresses early recovery requirements in natural disaster and conflict settings Capacity analysis and mapping of its 17 member agencies Capacity analysis and mapping of its 17 member agencies Critical gaps in global capacity for early recovery identified; key areas for 2006 work plan: Critical gaps in global capacity for early recovery identified; key areas for 2006 work plan: Strategic planning capacity in 5 priority sectorsStrategic planning capacity in 5 priority sectors Tools & methodologiesTools & methodologies Predictable surge & rapid deployment capacity for early recoveryPredictable surge & rapid deployment capacity for early recovery TrainingTraining Information management systemsInformation management systems Knowledge managementKnowledge management Financing mechanisms for early recoveryFinancing mechanisms for early recovery Inter-Agency cooperation and agreementsInter-Agency cooperation and agreements

10. Global IASC Working Group on Early Recovery Priority sectors where strategic planning capacity needs particular attention: Priority sectors where strategic planning capacity needs particular attention: Livelihoods: ILO/FAOLivelihoods: ILO/FAO Community drive approaches: UNDPCommunity drive approaches: UNDP Shelter: UN-HABITATShelter: UN-HABITAT Basic social services: UNICEFBasic social services: UNICEF Rule of law: UNDPRule of law: UNDP Disaster risk management and governance: UNDPDisaster risk management and governance: UNDP

11. Cluster Architecture Early Recovery Hub - Integrated Cluster Working Group - International Recovery Platform (IRP, UNDG/ECHA WG) Conflict Platform (4Rs, UNDG/ECHA WG on Transition Situations, etc. )