1. BRIDGING THE GAP: POST-TSUNAMI TRANSITIONAL SETTLEMENT Graham Saunders Catholic Relief Services

2. Post-tsunami transitional settlement  Review of transitional settlement response in Indonesia, Sri Lanka & India  Identifying trends and issues

3. Context – Indonesia  >500,000 people displaced  Extensive damage to coastal strip + 2-3km inland  >95% of buildings destroyed in affected areas  Limited road access to many areas  Conflict area, restricted access by Government & military  Very limited non- governmental settlement activity pre-tsunami

4. Context – Sri Lanka  >500,000 people displaced  Extensive damage to coastal strip – 500m inland  >90% of buildings destroyed in affected areas  Road access to most areas  Conflict area with LTTE Government most affected  Progress on common response but problematic  Significant non-governmental settlement activity pre- tsunami in conflict areas

5. Context – India  >150,000 people displaced  Irregular damage to coastal strip – 100-300m inland  Range of damage buildings in affected areas  Road access to all areas  Government declined external assistance  Policies by State Governments  Extensive non-governmental sector

6. Transitional settlement – Indonesia  Large scale displacement  Government strategy - TLCs  Emergency shelter close to original sites  Restricted zone  Reluctant access given to NGOs  Support for ‘semi-permanent’  Dilemma of ‘interim’ shelter  Government Masterplan – zoning & guidelines

7. Transitional settlement – Sri Lanka  Decentralised Government – no immediate strategy  Emergency shelter response  NGO-led strategy development, adopted by Government  Transitional shelter progress to date – Govt & LTTE areas  Land & zoning dilemma  Mixed quality of the response  Governmental structures  TAFREN & progress to permanent

8. Transitional settlement – India  State Governments mobilised response  Rapid move to transitional  Standardised community shelters  Support for alternative solutions e.g. renting  Creative transitional shelters  Close State oversight of actors  Zoning issues – being progressed  Rapid progress to permanent – separate State strategies

9. Transitional settlement - trends & issues  Strategy development  Understanding of transitional  Individual versus collective  Land & zoning  Site planning  Environmental impact  Materials  Agency competencies  Governmental capacities

10. BRIDGING THE GAP: POST-TSUNAMI TRANSITIONAL SETTLEMENT Graham Saunders Catholic Relief Services