1. Catholic (Counter) Reformation Mr. Hawthorne Western Civilization

2. What were the goals of the Catholic Reformation? 1. Counter Protestant challenges 2. Eliminate many abuses 3. Clarify theology 4. Re-establish pope’s authority over church members

3. What Steps Did They Take to Reform? Inquisition (Church court) -Goal=find & judge heretics (Protestants) -Restore pope’s power through oppression -censored humanist ideas (banned books) -ordeals: “Trial of Cross,” Trial of Hot Water”, & “Trial of Cold Water”

4. What was the purpose/result of the Council of Trent? Purpose=bishops met to define official doctrine put end to many abuses (including indulgences) created seminaries to educate priests on proper behavior encouraged new style of music & art called baroque=emphasized emotion, complexity, & exaggeration for dramatic effect

5. Baroque Art Peter Paul Rubens The Elevation of the Cross (1610-11)

6. Baroque Art Diego Velázquez Christ Crucified (1632)

7. Baroque Art Gian Lorenzo Bernini Public square in front of St. Peter’s Basilica – Rome (1656-67)

8. Catholic Reformation (Internal Reforms) - founded Jesuit order - known as educators - served as missionaries