1. American Services And Products Walter Coelho International Sales Representative Oscar Bueso Sales Latin America Joe Chao Technical Advisor / Domestic Sales

2. Ballistics Overview Review of common ballistic materials
Typical vest construction
Review of ballistic standards
Anti stab armour
The vest manufacturer’s art
Blunt Trauma

3. Ballistic materials Soft armour
Manufacturer
Type
Name
Construction
Twaron
Aramid
Woven
Dupont
Kevlar
DSM
Polyethylene
Dyneema
Uni-directional
Honeywell
Spectra shield
Uni –directional
Goldflex
Toyobo
PBO
Zylon
Woven or uni-directional

4. Ballistic materials Hard armour
TYPE
WEIGHT**
CONSTRUCTION
Ceramic
5.7 lbs/2.6 kgs
Ceramic (alumina oxide) with aramid backing
Steel
7.7 lbs/3.5 kgs
Tempered steel/specialised metals
UHMWPE
3.1lbs/1.4 kgs
Pressed polyethylene Dyneema or Spectrashield
Glass Ceramic
4.2 lbs/1.9 kgs
Glass ceramic with aramid or UHMWPE backing
** 10 x 12 inch combination plate

5. Ballistic panel construction
Ballistic Level
Type
Construction
Plies
NIJ IIIA
Aramid
100% Aramid
30-32
Polyethylene
100% Polyethylene
32-34
PBO
100% PBO
Hybrid
x% Aramid x% Polyethylene 26
x% Aramid x% PBO

6. Review of Ballistic standards
NIJ the most common standard, but many National standards exist
Levels IIA, II and IIIA cover hand guns
Levels III and IV cover rifles

7. NIJ Standard 0101.04 NIJ LEVEL BULLET TYPES IIA 9mm FMJ, .40 S & W II
9mm FMJ, .357 Mag JSP
IIIA
9mm FMJ, .44 Mag SJHP
III
7.62 x 51 NATO FMJ IV
.30 M2 AP
Go to for full definition of NIJ protocol

8. MIL STD and STANAG NIJ = V0 standard,stop pass/no stop fail
Mil Std 662E (USA) and STANAG 2920 (NATO) are V50 standards using a FSP (fragment simulation projectile) (17gr FSP)

9. Anti Stab Armor US STD NIJ 0101.15 , UK PSDB
Anti stab and anti spike are different
Solutions can be woven, chainmail, platelets, steel/aluminium/titanium wire

10. Manufacturers’ art Firstly To meet the specified standard
To construct the best functional carrier
The produce the lightest, most flexible and most comfortable solution
To provide a cost effective package

11. Selecting body armor Chose the correct Level of protection
Select only independently certified armor
Balance weight and flexibility against price
Allow the manufacturer to use their skills
Consider breathability and comfort
Chose a reputable manufacturer

12. Measurement of Performance
The V50 is usually used as the basic measurement of performance
V50 is the 50% probability of penetration of defined bullet type expressed in terms of velocity in m/sec (or in the USA fps)
Areal weight is also used and this is expressed in terms of kg/m2 (or in the USA lbs/ft2)
Sometimes these two references are used to express a RPI (Relative Performance Indicator) V50 divided by A/D – This enables comparative evaluation between armour types

13. Blunt Trauma
The US National Institute of Justice Standard is 44 mm maximum depth of indentation on the body side, or trauma, measured on a clay similar to Roma Plastilina #1
Body armor solution= protection x comfort

14. International Standards BFS
Country
Blunt Trauma Level
US NIJ
<44mm
UK PSDB
<25mm
German Schutzklasse
<25mm and 40mm
Belgium
<20mm
Netherlands KLPD
Sweden RPS

15. Hard Armour Plates
Hard armour plates are designed to defeat high velocity rifle rounds
NIJ Level III and NIJ Level IV
Materials= steel, ceramic or UHMWPE

16. American Services And Products
10711 SW 216th Street, Suite 101
Miami FL USA
Tel. Fax (305)
Tel. Fax (305)