2. State SOL History Review USII.4e-USII.6d

3. 1. What are the negative effects of industrialization? Child labor Low wages, long hours Unsafe working conditions

4. 2. What major labor union was formed? American Federation of Labor— supported/fought for higher wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions

5. 2. What important strike took place? Homestead Strike - violent strike that ended with non-union workers accepting lower wages

6. 3. What were the Progressive Movement workplace reforms? Improved safety conditions Reduced work hours Restrictions on child labor

7. 4. What opportunities did women gain during women’s suffrage? Increased educational opportunities – women could further their education towards careers Attained voting rights

8. 4. What amendment gave women these rights? The Nineteenth (19 th ) Amendment

9. 4.Who worked for women’s suffrage? Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton

10. 5. The Temperance Movement Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol- called attention to the EVILS of Alcohol Supported which amendment? The Eighteenth (18 th ) Amendment

11. 5. What did the 18 th amendment do? Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol.

12. 6. What were the causes for the Spanish American War? Protection of American business interests in Cuba American support of Cuban rebels to gain independence from Spain Rising tensions as a result of the sinking of the USS Maine Exaggerated news reports (Yellow Journalism)

13. 7. What were the results of the Spanish American war? The USA emerged as a world power Cuba gained independence from Spain US gained possession of Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico

14. 8. Theodore Roosevelt expanded the Monroe Doctrine as a way to prevent European involvement in the affairs of Caribbean and South American countries.

15. 9. Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policies and their impact on the United States included the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine which states: a. Asserted the United States’ right to interfere in economic matters of nations in the Americas.

16. 9. (continued) b. Claimed the United States’ right to exercise police power (use of military). c. Advocated the “Big Stick” Diplomacy (building of the Panama Canal).

17. 10. Give 4 reasons the USA got involved in WWI. Inability to remain neutral German submarine warfare— sinking of the Lusitania US economic and political ties to Great Britain The Zimmerman Telegram

18. 11. Who were the WWI Allies? Great Britain Serbia France Belgium Russia * USA

19. 11. Who were the Central Powers during WWI? Germany Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire (also known as Turkey)

20. 12. At the end of WWI, President Woodrow Wilson prepared a peace plan that called the Fourteen Points that called for the formation of the League of Nations – a peace-keeping organization

21. 13. Which country did NOT join the League of Nations? The United States

22. 14. Why didn’t the above country join the League of Nations? Because the United States Senate failed to ratify the Treaty.

23. 15. List 4 results of improved transportation brought by affordable automobiles: Greater mobility Creation of jobs Movement to suburban areas Growth of transportation related industries (oil, steel, road construction)

24. 16. Why are the Wright Brothers well known? Invention of the Airplane

25. 17. Who was known for the use of the assembly line and the rise of mechanization? Henry Ford

26. 18. List 3 communication changes. Increased availability of telephones Development of movies Development of radio (Marconi) and the broadcast industry (Sarnoff)

27. 19. List 4 ways electrification changed American life. Labor saving products (electric stove, water pump, washing machine) Electric lighting Entertainment (radio) Improved communication

28. 20. What is Prohibition? Prohibition made it illegal to manufacture, transport, and sell alcoholic beverages

29. 21. What amendment did Prohibition uphold? The 18 th Amendment What Amendment repealed it? The 21 st Amendment

30. 22. What are speakeasies? Places for people to drink illegal alcoholic beverages

31. 23. What (Who) are bootleggers? They smuggled illegal alcohol and promoted organized crime.

32. 24. List 4 facts about the Great Migration. Jobs for African Americans in the South were scarce and low paying. African Americans faced discrimination and violence in the South.

33. 24. List 4 facts about the Great Migration (continued) African Americans moved to northern and mid-western cities for employment opportunities (jobs) African Americans also faced discrimination and violence in the North and Midwest.

34. 25. Georgia O’Keeffe Art—artist known for urban and later southwest scenes

35. 25. F. Scott Fitzgerald Literature —novelist who wrote about the Jazz Age of the 1920’s

36. 25. John Steinbeck Literature —novelist who wrote about poor migrant family problems during the 1930’s and the Great Depression

37. 25. Aaron Copland Music: American composer who wrote uniquely American music in the 1920’s & 1930’s.

38. 25. George Gershwin Music: American composer who wrote uniquely American music in the 1920’s and 1930’s.

39. 25. Jacob Lawrence Art: African American painter who chronicled the Great Migration through art

40. 25. Langston Hughes Literature: African American poet who combined African and American cultural roots

41. 25. Duke Ellington Music: Blues and Jazz composer

42. 25. Louis Armstrong Music: Blues and Jazz composer

43. 25. Bessie Smith Music: Blues and Jazz singer

44. 26. List the causes of the Great Depression. People overspeculated on stocks using borrowed money they couldn’t repay when stock prices crashed The Federal Reserve failed to prevent the collapse of the banking system High tariffs strangled international trade

45. 27. List 4 ways the Great Depression impacted Americans A large number of banks and businesses failed ¼ or 25% of workers were without jobs Large numbers of people were hungry and homeless Farmers’ incomes fell to low levels

46. 28. List 5 major features of the New Deal (initiated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt) Social Security Federal Work Programs Environmental Improvement Plans Farms Assistance Programs Increased Rights for Labor

47. First Nine Weeks SOL’s on the Second Nine Weeks Test USII.3c-USII.3d

48. USII.3c “Jim Crow” 1. Discrimination against African Americans continued after: Reconstruction

49. 2. What is racial segregation? Based on race Directed primarily against African Americans, but other groups also kept segregated

50. 2. (continued) Also, American Indians were not considered citizens until 1924.

51. 3. Why were “Jim Crow” laws passed? To discriminate against African Americans. Although these laws were legal in many communities, they were enforced primarily in the Southeast region.

52. 4. “Jim Crow “ laws were characterized by unequal opportunities in: Housing Work Education Government

53. 5. African American responses included: Booker T. Washington believed equality could be achieved through vocational education, and accepted social separation

54. 5. Continued… W.E.B. Dubois believed in full political, civil, social rights for African Americans

55. 6. Between the Civil War and WWI, the US was transformed from an agricultural to an industrial nation.

56. 7. List 4 reasons for the rise and prosperity of big business. National markets created by transportation advances. Captains of Industry John D. Rockefeller—oil Andrew Carnegie—steel Henry Ford—automobile Cornelius Vanderbilt– shipping and railroads

57. 7. (con’t) List 4 reasons for the rise and prosperity of big business. Advertising Lower-cost production

58. 8. List 4 factors resulting in the growth of industry. Access to raw materials and energy Availability of work force due to immigration Inventions Financial resources provided by the Captains of Industry

59. 9. What is the BEST title for the following list? _______________________ railroad oil steel Examples of Big Business

60. 10. What are 3 postwar changes in farm and city life? Mechanization (the reaper )— reduced farm labor needs and increased production Industrial development in cities increased labor needs. Industrialization provided access to consumer goods such as mail order

61. Write the region for each of the following:

62. 11. Meatpacking The Midwest

63. 12. New York The Northeast

64. 13. Automobile Midwest

65. 14. Jim Crow Southeast

66. 15. San Francisco Pacific

67. 16. Textile Industry Northeast

68. 17. Denver Western/ Rocky Mountain

69. 18. Harlem Renaissance Northeast

70. 19. Atlanta Southeast

71. 20. Great Plains Midwest

72. 21. Ellis Island Northeast

73. 22. Hull House Midwest

74. 23. Steel Industry Northeast

75. 24. Homestead Strike Northeast

76. 25. New Orleans Southeast

77. 26. Juneau Non-contiguous

78. 27. New England Northeast

79. 28. Boston Northeast

80. 29. Pittsburgh Northeast

81. 30. Detroit Midwest

82. 31. Santa Fe Southwest

83. 32. Salt Lake City Western/Rocky Mountains

84. 33. Los Angeles Pacific

85. 34. Honolulu Non-contiguous

86. 35. Philadelphia Northeast

87. 36. Angel Island Pacific

88. 37. Washington D.C. Southeast

89. 38. St. Louis Midwest

90. 39. San Antonio Southwest

91. 40. Seattle Pacific

92. 41. Chicago Midwest

93. 42. Nebraska Midwest

94. 43. Ohio Midwest

95. 44. Maine Northeast

96. 45. Florida Southeast

97. 46. North Dakota Midwest

98. 47. Oklahoma Southwest

99. 48. Suffolk, Virginia Southeast

100. Congratulations! Get your parents to sign the study guide! Study hard so you can make a good grade and make your parents smile!