1. Early Modern English Period end of the 15 th – beginning of the18th century The formation of the National English Language

2. Historical background 1485 - ? Henry Vll (Tudor) crowned king (1485-1509). Absolute monarchy Political and economic unification of the country > development of capitalism London - a bureaucratic and administrative centre One nation >one national language

3. The invention of printing gave a great impulse to the formation of a standard language and spread of literacy. Popularity of great literary works by Chaucer, who deliberately created in English Oxford and Cambridge, two basic centres of education, were very close to London and also propagated London dialect

4. Henry VIII's matrimonial difficulties led to the split with Catholicism. Henry made himself head of the Church of England (Latin was ousted from many spheres ).

5. Henry VII – commerce, shipbuilding, new lands (Newfoundland, Nova Scotia) Henry VIII (1509- 1547) – the Head of the Church in England and of the State Elizabeth I (1558- 1603) reigns It’s the age of Shakespeare East India Company is formed.

6. 1603 - James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England uniting the two kingdoms. 1611 - 'King James Bible' ('Authorised Version of the Bible' ) is published It became the most famous English translation of the scriptures and had a profound impact on the English language.

7. 1620 - The Pilgrim Fathers set sail for New England from Plymouth, aboard the 'Mayflower'

8. The Crown vs. Parliament Charles I (1625- 1649) ruled without Parliament, compromise with Parliament Great Rebellion (Parliament denied the King control of the army) Charles executed (1649) Parliament in power Oliver Cromwell (Lord Protector - 1653)

9. Charles II returns to the throne (from France). Restoration of monarchy (1660).

10. Literary English Language () English literary norm – at the end of the17th c. (first scientific English dictionaries) Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary (1755) Late New English – since the 18 th c.

11. Modern English (Late New English) Adoption of a standard of spoken English Difference between ME and NE pronunciation but not in spelling.

12. Geographical expansion of English. English on the British Isles up to the 17 th c. The beginning of the penetration of English began in the 16 th c. East India Company Expansion of British colonialism. 18 th c – English in India, Canada

13. 19 th c. – colonization of Australia 20 th c. – South Africa