1. Earth and Moon

2. Rotation and Revolution

3. Seasons on Earth Two reasons the Earth has seasons: 1.23.5 degree tilt 2.Revolution around sun

4. Third Rock from the Sun 70% water Water in all three states (solid, liquid, and gas) Life

5. The Surface of Earth Geologically Active with a surface that is constantly changing –Weathering and erosion –Plate tectonics

6. Atmosphere of Earth Oxygen rich Blocks out most of the sun’s damaging rays The atmosphere deflects millions of tiny and not so tiny meteors every day that otherwise would have hit the earth and us.

7. Our Moon

8. Surface of the Moon Craters Highlands Maria

9. Characteristics of our Moon Gravity is only one-sixth as strong as Earth’s Temperatures can range from 100 o C to -170 o C No air or liquid water

11. Phases of the Moon Caused by its position relative to the Earth and the sun.

12. Phases of the moon

13. Apollo Moon Missions 1963-1972 Apollo 11, 12, 14, 16, 17 landed humans on the surface of the moon The six missions that landed on the moon returned a wealth of data and 400 kg of lunar samples. Experiments included soil mechanics, meteoroids, seismic, heat flow, lunar ranging, magnetic fields, and solar wind experiments.

14. Apollo Moon Landings moon landing.asx

15. The Sun Average size yellow star 110 times the diameter of the Earth Approximely 4.6 billion years old

16. The Surface of the Sun The photosphere 5,000-8,000 o C The sunlight that reaches Earth comes from the photosphere

17. Features of the Sun Prominence Loops of gases that link different parts of sunspot regions

18. Features of the Sun Sunspots Areas of gas on the sun that are cooler than the gases around them Sunspot cycle of 10-11 years

19. Features of the Sun Solar Flares An explosion of Hydrogen gas from The sun’s surface That occurs when Loops in sunspot Regions connect Increases solar wind Causes magnetic storms

20. Life Cycle of the Sun

21. Historical Contributions in Earth-moon-sun Aristotle (384-322 BC) -Greek philosopher and scientist -Believed in an earth-centered universe -Thought the heavens moved naturally and endlessly in a complex circular motion Earth-Centered Models

22. Ptolemy (100-170 AD) Astronomer and mathematician Believed the earth was stationary and was the center of the universe Tried to solve the problem of retrograde movement of Mars marsmovie.gif

23. Sun-Centered Models Copernicus (1473-1543) –Believed in a sun-centered universe (Heliocentric) –Earth orbits the sun in a circular motion –Did not publish his theory until his death because of the Catholic Church

24. Galileo (1546-1642) Discovered Jupiter’s moon (4 largest) Upheld Copernicus’s sun- centered theory Place under house arrest for life by the Catholic Church due to his beliefs Built a telescope and discovered mountains and craters on the moon Observed the phases of Venus Observed Sun Spots