1. 1 Possible Radiographic Errors Radiology

2. 2 During Exposure Film is bent during set up and exposure Causing distortion Film is bent during set up and exposure Causing distortion

3. 3 Elongation Vertical angulation error; not enough positive angle on max or negative angle on md

4. 4

5. 5 Foreshortening Also vertical angulation; too much angulation; correct by decreasing vertical angulation

6. 6

7. 7 Overlapping Incorrect horizontal angulation; cone is angled toward mesial or distal surfaces of teeth, instead of at interproximal areas *Evaluate film placement in regard to curve of arch, NOT pt;s face/cheeks Incorrect horizontal angulation; cone is angled toward mesial or distal surfaces of teeth, instead of at interproximal areas *Evaluate film placement in regard to curve of arch, NOT pt;s face/cheeks

8. 8

9. 9 Conecutting X-ray beam missed part of the film; film is only partially exposed

10. 10

11. 11 Clear Film Film was not exposed to any radiation

12. 12 Double Exposure Film is exposed twice; results in blurred images or dark x-ray

13. 13

14. 14 Blurred Image Result from movement of pt’s head or tubehead or from film moving in pt’s mouth

15. 15 Underexposed Film Light and has thin image; check the settings for mAs, kVs and exposure time; also occurs if cone is not positioned close enough to pt’s face

16. 16

17. 17 Overexposed Film Dark image; check settings again

18. 18

19. 19 Radiopaque Film Metal objects; check for and remove

20. 20 Backward Film Placing film reversed causes image to be white and a herringbone pattern to be seen

21. 21

22. 22 Film Processing

23. 23 Light film image Underprocessed; developing time too short, developing temp too low, developing solution weak from overuse and needs to be changed

24. 24 Dark film image Over developing: developing solution temp too high, devel solution too stong, film left in devel too long

25. 25 Fogged Film Gray appearance, film image detail is lost, contrast is lessened; improper storage conditions, outdated films, light leaks in processing room, light leaks on daylight loaders

26. 26

27. 27 Partial Image Solution levels are low

28. 28

29. 29 Film Artifacts Result from improper handling; water spots on unprocessed films leaves clear area; fixer on unprocessed film leaves white area; developer leaves black area; also, yellow/brown stain from not rinsing properly, black artifacts from static electicity, fluroide leaves fingerprint smudge; films which touch leave shape of edge or corner of film

30. 30 Torn or Scratched Rough handling; leaves white area or mark on processed film

31. 31

32. 32 Air Bubbles on Film Trapped on film if not agitated when placed in processing solutions; leaves round white spots

33. 33 Reticulation When film has been exposed to high temp then low temp; looks dried with tiny cracks

34. 34 Streaks Dirty rollers or x-ray racks