1. CHANGING THE CONSTITUTION

2.  Judicial interpretation  Power of “judicial review”  Lends clarity/meaning to abstract Constitutional concepts – ex. What does “Freedom of Speech” ACTUALLY entail?  Common Practice  Things that naturally evolve – present electoral college, political parties INFORMAL CHANGE – 2 BIGGIES

3. PProposal 22/3 vote in each house of congress 22/3 of state legislatures call for a convention to propose amendments RRatification ¾¾ of state legislatures approve ¾¾ of state ratification conventions succeed (21 st ) FORMAL CHANGE

4.  1-10 - Bill of Rights  13,14,15 – Civil War Amendments  16 – Federal Income Tax  18/21 – Prohibition and Repeal  19 – Women’s Suffrage  26 – 18 year old vote FAVORITE SELECTED AMENDMENTS – YOU SHOULD KNOW THESE

5.  Issues Chart – some great examples of judicial review providing clarity to Constitution  Attempted Amendments  ERA  Flag Burning Amendment  Amend for Arnold (probably not anymore, but sentiment remains)  Your thoughts?  Ai Weiwei – Chinese Artist – a vidvid COUPLE THINGS