1. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation Introduction to GENI Network Architecture www.geni.net

2. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation2GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI: Infrastructure for Experimentation GENI provides geographically distributed compute resources that can be connected in experimenter specified Layer 2 topologies.

3. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation3GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Key Concepts Backbone #1 Regional GENI Rack Access #1 Commercial Clouds Corporate GENI suites Non-US Testbeds Research Testbed Campus My experiment runs across the evolving GENI federation. My GENI Slice GENI is a Federation – to the user appears as one testbed GENI is sliceable – supports concurrent experiments GENI is deeply programmable – experiments control forwarding

4. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation4GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Network Map

5. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation5GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Network Architecture Overview Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g Spans campus/metro, regional, and nationwide networks GENI relies on participants to contribute compute and network resources Includes VMs, bare metal nodes, SDN switches (OpenFlow 1.0), WiMAX/LTE base stations and clients, L2 network access

6. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation6GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net The GENI Rack Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g

7. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation7GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Rack Network Access to experiment nodes Multiple data interfaces Embed a variety of topologies within one rack sliced by VLAN GENI network is sliced by VLAN sliceable SDN data switch can be controlled by the experimenter

8. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation8GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net slice 3slice 1slice 2 GENI Rack OpenFlow switch Embed a variety of topologies within one rack sliced by VLAN OF switch Different OpenFlow modes –switches in pure OF mode are acting as one datapath –Hybrid VLAN switches are one datapath per VLAN (sliced at the switch) –Hybrid port switches are two datapaths (one OF and one non- OF) Need slicer for pure OF and port hybrid –FlowVisor, FlowSpace Firewall

9. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation9GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Rack Network Campus resources GENI Wireless resources Access to experiment nodes Multiple data interfaces Each Rack is a separate AM that ensures that experiment nodes are connected to the appropriate external resources

10. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation10GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Extra Devices in a Rack Campus resources GENI Wireless resources Sliverable Storage Custom Hardware AM may control extra devices or just provide connectivity

11. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation11GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Wireless Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g

12. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation12GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI WiMAX Deployment 2014 Wayne State Clemson U Michigan Columbia UMass U Wisconsin Madison U Colorado Boulder UCLA Stanford Rutgers Temple Drexel NYU

13. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation13GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI WiMAX Agreement with Sprint –Sprint and Rutgers University have signed a master spectrum agreement –encompassing all WiMAX sites, to ensure operation in the EBS Band. –An emergency stop procedure, in case of interference with Sprint service, has been agreed upon. SciWinet GENI Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO) - Partner with Sprint and Arterra (a Sprint partner) to create and operate an (MVNO) that serves the academic research community - The effort is led by Jim Martin and Ivan Seskar, to learn more: http://sciwinet.orghttp://sciwinet.org

14. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation14GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI WiMAX Site Network Architecture WiMAX and Wifi edge networks. Layer 2 dataplane connectivity to GENI racks. Multi-point VLAN interconnecting all WiMAX sites via racks. Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Research Backbones Internet Regional Network Wireless Edge WiFi WiMAX

15. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation15GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net OPEN BTS Software: WiMAX OMF AM REST Interface Each slice contains a sw router (click or OVS) Slicing of OFDMA resource blocks by mapping client MAC to VLANs Clients are mapped to VLANs

16. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation16GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net OPEN BTS Software: LTE New LTE Base station has it own AM to manage the slicing

17. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation17GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net The GENI-enabled Campus Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g

18. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation18GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI – Enabled Campus Layer 2 transport through the campus –Usually statically provisioned –Might provide access to programmable switches Layer 2 connectivity to: –to GENI wireless resources –local resources (university labs, specialized equipment) –to local community tesbeds (e.g. ORBIT) –to metro networks

19. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation19GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Wisconsin: a great example GENI Rack Campus Resources GENI WiMAX Suman Banerjee, PI Parmesh Ramanathan, PI Connectivity through MOXI Regional Dale W. Carter, Campus admin Connection to local community Internet 2 PoP To other GENI campuses

20. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation20GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net The GENI Core Network Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g

21. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation21GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Regionals Provide simple transport –static network configuration of multiple connections managed by edge Aggregate Managers (e.g. NOX) –May provide dynamic circuit provisioning (e.g. MAX) Provide access to routing to experimenters through SDN capable devices (e.g. StarLight) Provide access to compute and storage through a co- located GENI Rack (e.g. Cenic)

22. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation22GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Example regional network CENIC OpenFlow buildout CENIC GENI Rack

23. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation23GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Core Network History Non-programmable dynamic Layer 2 transport through ION Prototype static programmable backbone with SDN capable devices (decommissioning) Prototype GENI Backbone over I2 and NLR with 10 OpenFlow Switches

24. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation24GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Core network moving to AL2S In-progress migration from “prototype GENI” to AL2S production system –Testing GENI dynamic provision on AL2S AM –Testing Experimenter OpenFlow controllers on AL2S

25. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation25GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Creating Inter-Aggregate Experiments Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g

26. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation26GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Stitching Setup point-to-point VLANs –Between hosts on different Ams One host/per AM/per stitch –Not a broadcast domain Dynamic, real-time setup –Need to coordinate multiple AMs –Takes time –Can fail Provides traffic isolation and bandwidth constraints A common concept used in other networks, applied to GENI, e.g. OSCARS, GLIF GENI RAC K A GENI RAC K B Backbon e GENI RAC K B Regi onal 1 Regi onal 3 Regi onal 2

27. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation27GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net How does GENI Stitching Work? 1. Rack Configuration (network admins) Long process (~weeks, months) Done once in advance Manual 1. Inter-aggregate link reservations (experimenters) Automated (tools can make them) Quick ish (usually a few minutes) Live, Easy Repeatable GENI Stitching: Under the Hood

28. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation28GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Example “Pre-work” for End-to-End Data Connections SOX Identify paths from a rack to GENI core –Identify the network providers Typically a campus, a regional, a nationwide provider(GATech, Missouri, Stanford, MAX, SOX, ION, and AL2S) –Identify endpoints and allocate VLAN to GENI that can be used to connect to the rack Configure racks with VLANS for GENI stitching Test for connectivity

29. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation29GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Finding a workable path, and the right reservation order can be hard. Stitching Computation Service (SCS) for path and workflow computation –Tom Lehman and Xi Yang wrote this optional service –Includes many heuristics to optimize path, chance of success –Allows excluding particular connection points, VLANs Other tools may use different heuristics –Stitcher uses the SCS https://wiki.maxgigapop.net/twiki/bin/view/GENI/NetworkStitchingAPI ION Stitching Computation Service

30. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation30GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Tool 1. Simple Request 7. Manifest Back Automated by the tool Experimenter: Creating a Circuit Over 16,000 stitched slivers since November, 2013

31. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation31GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Running Services for non-GENI users Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g

32. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation32GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Access to the local community through GENI resources

33. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation33GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Use the commodity Internet KC Wang U. Clemson Parmesh Ramanathan U. Wisconsin GENI Cinema Persistent live video streaming service over GENI Opt-in users can view and source live streams

34. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation34GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Custom L3 Dataplan e Connectivity Providing service to the community. ElderCare as a Service

35. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation35GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI’s International Collaborations Legend GENI-enabled hardware Layer 3 Control Plane Layer 2 Data Plane Metro Research Backbones Internet ISP Regional Networks Campus g g g

36. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation36GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI’s International Collaborations GENI is working actively with peer efforts on five continents to define and adopt common concepts and APIs.

37. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation37GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI – FIRE Federation

38. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation38GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI – FIRE Federation 50 VLANS 50 Vlans between I2 PoP@ NY and iMinds use stitching with FIRE or GENI account look for the demo on Tuesday evening

39. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation39GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net GENI Network map Questions?

40. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation40GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Internet2 ION Service L2VPN, i.e. point-to-point Ethernet circuit, i.e. Ethernet tunneled via MPLS Bandwidth guaranteed circuits L2VPN, i.e. point-to-point Ethernet circuit, i.e. Ethernet tunneled via MPLS Bandwidth guaranteed circuits OSCARS (On-Demand Secure Circuits and Advance Reservation) Dynamically provisions circuits on the Internet2 production Juniper routers Uses JunOS scripts OSCARS (On-Demand Secure Circuits and Advance Reservation) Dynamically provisions circuits on the Internet2 production Juniper routers Uses JunOS scripts

41. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation41GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Internet 2 ION Aggregate Manager ION AM maps GENI calls to OSCARS calls Runs the code from MAX

42. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation42GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Coming Soon: Internet2 OESS Upcoming replacement for ION –Different dataplane technology: OpenFlow VLANs vs MPLS L2VPN Supports multipoint circuits –We hope to support that in GENI at some point AL2S Aggregate Manager –Will control OESS as the ION AM controls ION –Developed by Internet2 based on FOAM and OESS Can use GENI AM API to stitch between ION and AL2S

43. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation43GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Custom Engineering

44. Sponsored by the National Science Foundation44GENI Network Architecture – 25 March 2015www.geni.net Custom Dataplane Engineering