1. Sound and Music
Pages 8-10

2. Music Improvisation- making up melody as you go along
Sound organized in time
Needed: time frame, sound waves, ability to perceive sound
Improvisation- making up melody as you go along

3. Physics of Musical Sounds
Sound waves
Amplitude=volume(how loud or soft)
Frequency=pitch(how high or low)
Pitched and non-pitched

4. Instruments Ethnomusicologists-study music of other cultures
Curt Sachs and Erich von Hornbostel categorized instruments into four groups

5. Categories Chordophones Aerophones One or more strings
Plucked, bowed, struck
Vibrating strings produce sounds
Aerophones
Brass and wind instruments
Vibrating columns of air

6. Categories (cont.) Membranophones Idiophones Electrophones
Skin/membrane stretched across frame
Membrane vibrates
Drum
Idiophones
Body of instrument vibrates
Bells, woodblocks, xylophones
Electrophones

7. Instrument Families Strings- Chordophones Brass-Aerophones
Violins, violas, cello, double bass
Brass-Aerophones
Trumpet, French Horn, Trombone, Tuba
Woodwind-Aerophones
Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Saxophone, Bassoon

8. Instrument Families (cont.)
Percussion- membranophones and idiophones
Snare drum, timpani, xylophone, cymbals
Keyboard- varies
Piano, harpsichord, organ

9. Electronic Instruments
Began to appear first decades of 20th century
Theremin
Electronic and radio technology during war was repurposed for the arts after the war.