1. GEM Presentation GEM Team USDA-ARS NCRPIS GEM - December 8, 2004 - G ermplasm E nhancement of M aize

2. SURVEY RESULTS Utilization of GEM Germplasm Jim Hawk Jim Deutsch Duane Potrzeba

3. Your Employment (Survey Responses: 84) Private61% Public33% Individual6%

4. Main Region of Your Company Midwest United States 51% International29% Southeast United States 12% Northeast United States 5% United States Plains 4%

5. Primary Field(s) of Discipline Plant Breeding and Genetics 93% Plant Pathology 17% Entomology11% Genomics6%

6. Do you use GEM germplasm in your maize plant breeding project? YES73% NO27%

7. What factors limit your use of GEM germplasm? Late maturity 53% Low yield 47% Not adapted 40% Plant and ear height 24% Lodging23% Lack of stability 21%

8. GEM germplasm makes up what percentage of your breeding program? 024% 1-5%38% 6-10%14% 11-15%5% Over 20% 20%

9. Rate the importance of each trait: Least Important Moderately Important Most Important Yield6%4%92% Standability4%13%83% Disease Resistance 8%37%55% Grain Quality Traits 18%30%54% Diversity8%48%44% Drought/heat tolerance 15%40%39% Insect Resistance 17%46%37% Silage Quality 60%28%14%

10. Rate each disease for importance: Least Important Moderately Important Most Important Gray leafspot 16%27%56% Fusarium ear mold 10%41%50% Stalk rot 13%40%48% Northern Leaf Blight 27%36%37% Ear rot 22%44%34% Southern Leaf Blight 34%34%33%

11. Rate each insect for importance: Least Important Moderately Important Most Important European Corn Borer 13%30%57% Corn rootworm 23%21%56% Corn earworm 18%47%36% Fall armyworm 36%47%18%

12. Grain Quality Ratings for importance: Least Important Moderately Important Most Important Overall grain quality/texture 5%16%80% Extractable starch 27%30%44% Protein18%41%41% Total starch 24%40%36% Oil20%48%32%

13. Do you plan to continue to use GEM material in your plant breeding program? YES80% NO20%

14. How do you view first cycle GEM lines being used in your program? Least Important Moderately Important Most Important Recycling to be of commercial benefit 8%32%60% Source of genes for specific traits 14%32%54% Basic research 27%31%42% Commercial product 72%24%4%

15. Do you think the GEM project should commit resources to recycling release GEM lines, or should this function be left to the maize industry and public research community? YES50% NO50%

16. Will the diversity found within GEM germplasm contribute to your program in ways not addressed in the survey questions? YES (Broadening Germplasm Base) 27% NO73%

17. We would like to acknowledge and give special thanks to the GEM TSG and Chairman Wifredo Salhuana. Special appreciation is also extended to Dave Bubeck, Christie Leonard, and Karin Bennett of Pioneer Hi-Bred International for providing the on- line survey.

18. GEM Presentation The End G ermplasm E nhancement of M aize