1. Prison of War camps: the walking dead  Andersonville: Union POWs  Overcrowded, disease, starvation  13,000 die  Henry Wirz: commander of prison, only Confed hanged for war crimes  Union had camps too

3. At Start of War  In his first inaugural speech Lincoln states:  “I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so.”  Lincoln has no plans to free the slaves.  Slave states have stayed in Union (Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland)

4. Black Troops  Blacks serve in segregated units led by white commanders  Frederick Douglass helps recruit troops and his sons serve in the 54 th Mass

5. Atrocities  Confederate General Nathan Forrest captures Fort Pillow in Tennessee.  There were 262 African American and 295 white soldiers. Only 62 of the black soldiers live.  The Confederates killed most of the garrison after it surrendered. They buried Black soldiers alive. They set fire to tents containing Union wounded.  Forrest later becomes the first imperial wizard of the Ku Klux Klan.

6. Black Confederate Troops  In 1865, the Confederacy approves arming slaves as soldiers. But only if their masters approve.

7. Contributions  Over 180,000 blacks fought, 38,000+ died