1. Do Now: Does geography shape culture or does culture shape geography? Choose one side and argue why you feel that way. Aim: How has geography affected the way early people developed? Tuesday – September 17, 2013 Mr. Lombardi

2. H.W. #2 Landforms and Waterways handout: – Complete the task – Due TODAY Geography Exam – Friday September 20 – 34 multiple choice Regents questions – Bring pencils

3. Why Study Geography? Sets the stage for history Geography -> human adaptation -> unique culture We have different cultures and characteristics based on our geography. Adaptations and innovations

7. Eurasia 1 large landmass No natural barriers Large animals – Horses, cows, pigs Central location to Africa – 3-way trade First to be settled Americas 1 large landmass – Connected by an isthmus (Central America) Andes Mountains Narrow, funnel-shaped Last to be settled

8. Major Geographic Features of The Americas Mountain Ranges: Appalachians, Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, Andes. Rivers: Ohio, Mississippi, Missouri, Colorado, Rio Grande, Orinoco, Amazon, Rio de la Plata Plains: Great Plains, las Pampas Oceans: Atlantic, Pacific Gulfs and Seas: Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea Islands: Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Bahamas, Galapagos Peninsulas: Florida, Baja California, Yucatan

9. Key Countries of The Americas United States Canada Mexico Cuba Venezuela Colombia Brazil Argentina Chile

10. Major Geographic Features of Asia Mountain Ranges: The Urals, Himilayas and the Hindu Kush. Plateaus: Deccan, Tibetan Rivers: Huang Ye (Yellow River), Yangtze, Brahmaputra, Ganges, Indus, Tigris, Euphrates. Plains: Steppes of Russia Oceans: Pacific Ocean, Sea of Japan, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, South China Sea, Indian Ocean Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal Islands (Archipalegos): Japan and Indonesia

11. Key Countries of Asia China – largest population in the world (estimated 1.2 billion people) India – second largest population in the world (estimated 1 billion people) Indonesia – largest Muslim population in the world Japan – second largest economy in the world Russia – largest country (in area) in the world. Saudi Arabia – largest oil reserve in the world Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan – important countries for the United States following the 9/11 attacks

12. Summary How have landforms in the Western Hemisphere shaped the way people live in the Americas? Look at your answer to today’s Do Now. – What new evidence supports your view? – How have your views changed?

13. Important links 1.John Bowne website – www.johnbowne.orgJohn Bowne website 2.Regents Prep – www.regentsprep.orgRegents Prep

14. 1. Which environmental issue most concerns Central Africa, the Amazon River Basin, and the Malay Peninsula? 1.Nuclear contamination 2.Desertification 3.Deforestation 4.Overpopulation

15. 2. In Latin America, the deforestation of the Amazon rain forest led to 1.Environmental dangers 2.The maintenance of a traditional way of life 3.The discovery of new medicines 4.Overpopulation in rural areas

16. 3. In the 1990s, what was the most severe threat to the physical environment of Brazil, Costa Rica, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire)? 1.Spread of urban centers 2.Destruction of the rain forests 3.Nuclear waste disposal 4.Increased immigration

17. 4.

18. 5. During the 1990s, the Sahel regions of Africa has been faced with problems resulting from 1.The lack of rainfall from the monsoons 2.The effects of acid rain 3.Water pollution 4.Increasing desertification

19. 6. A negative impact of the use of modern technologies is that 1.Levels of air and water pollution often increase 2.Economic opportunities are frequently limited 3.Contacts with other cultures decrease 4.International trade is limited

20. 7. Deforestation, acid rain, and the greenhouse effect are major world problems that indicate a need for 1.The development of mass transit systems in developing nations 2.An increase in the worldwide production of oil 3.A reduction in crop production in some areas of the world 4.Cooperation between nations to reduce pollution and environmental destruction

21. 8. The problems created by the deterioration of the Earth’s ozone layer and increases in the amounts of acid rain suggest a worldwide need for 1.Rapid industrialization of developing economies 2.Better health-care programs 3.Nuclear-powered electric generating facilities 4.Stricter pollution regulations