1.  Establishing Modern Civilizations CHINA

2. China Changes  1644-Last and largest dynasty, Qing Dynasty  mid-1800’s-China’s population had more than tripled  Ultimately there wasn’t enough goods or even food for all of the people and eventually led to the end of the Qing Dynasty’s rule.

3. Opium War  The British began smuggling a drug called opium into the country and eventually began using drugs to buy goods instead of money, so China’s economy suffered  China tried to put a stop to it, but the Opium War began and in the end China lost and had to pay Britain a large amount of money, give the British control of Hong Kong and allow British traders into Chinese ports

4. Taiping Rebellion  Peasants were angry at what had happened and tried to rebel  It lasted for 14 years and 20 million lives were lost  Peasants wanted:  Equality for women, to end private property, division of harvest among the needy  The Chinese military finally ended everything in 1868.

5. Boxer Rebellion  1900, the Boxers wanted to defeat the Qing Dynasty and force all foreigners out of China  Troops from Britain, France, Russia, Japan and America all came together and defeated the Boxers  China’s government was left in turmoil (stress, unsure)

6. A New Republic  Sun Yat-sen created the Chinese Nationalist Party in 1911 with hopes of democracy.  1912-democracy was established and Sun gave his presidency over to Yuan Shigai  China suffered for 16 years; before and during WWI China fought against Japan  Not only did the CNP grow, the Communist Party was formed  1925-CNP: 200,000 and Communist Party-10,000

7. Control  1927-the CNP and Communist Party join forces and Chiang Kai-shek became leader of China, and he quickly turned against the Communists  1934-the CNP seemed close to victory and the Communists retreated on the Long March (100,000 Communists;6,000 miles north)  1949-Kai-shek’s rule was over, but during his rule: transportation was bettered, industry was encouraged and education was offered to more people. People slowly turned to the Communist party for help.

8. Communism Begins  WWII began and Japan invaded China-Zedong and the Red Army for help and in 1945 when WWII ended China’s two parties went back to fighting each other  1949-Communists defeated the CNP forcing Kai-shek to flee to Taiwan and on October 1, Mao Zedong declared China communist gaining nearly all the power over China  1966-Cultural Revolution: Zedong’s last attempt to win the people over, but the economy, transportation, goods and services all grew weak and people wanted reform (change).

9. Communist Changes  Took land from the rich and gave it to the poor  Started a 5 year plan that put all industry under government control  Workers (up to 25,000 people) combined land to create collective farms to grow food together, run small industries, provide education and healthcare  In just 1 year China’s economy was destroyed  From 1958-1960: major famine hit the land and 20 million starved, and many more died of disease

10. Today  1978-Economic reforms took place  Today, China is one of the fastest growing economies in the world  2013-China is the 2 nd largest economy in the world, both in worth and buying power  They currently have the world’s largest army