1. THE OPTIMUM SPEED IN HIGH SPEED RAILWAYS WARSAW, NOVEMBER 2011 Eduardo Romo Julián Sastre Workshop on High Speed FUNDACIÓN CAMINOS DE HIERRO

2. 1964 TOKYO OSAKA 1 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

3.  Spanish railroads in the 80´s  Maximum speed 160 km per hour  Reduced number of frequencies /services  Unattractive journey times  Reduction of services / closing lines 2 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

4.  Passenger transport system situation Highways dominant role Aviation increasing trend Railroad weakness /downward trend 3 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

5. TRAVEL TIME REDUCTION 4 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

6. MADRID-BARCELONA CORRIDOR 5 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 COMPARISON OF MARKET SHARE

7. MADRID-SEVILLA CORRIDOR Passenger (1985) Passenger (1998) 6 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 COMPARISON OF MARKET SHARE

8. SPEED AND PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF RAILWAYS SERVICES 7 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

9.  Physics. v = ds / dt  Instantaneous speed  Average speed  Maximum speed  Minimum speed  High speed  Low speed  Commercial speed  Record speed  Optimum speed... 8 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

10. SPEED AS A CONSEQUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY IS CONTINUOUSLY PROVIDING SOLUTIONS- MECHANICS, MATERIALS, ENGINES…- FOR INCREASING SPEED 9 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

11. A passenger transport mode is a particular technology applied to a function, the function of transporting people in different kind of ways (water, air, roads) 10 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 SPEED AS A CONSEQUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

12. In some cases, the maximum commercial speed not always is following an increasing trend 11 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 OPTIMUM SPEED IN DIFFERENT TRANSPORT MODES

13. 12 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 THE RAILWAYS SYSTEM SINGULARITY

14. OPERATIONAL LIMITS TO THE MAXIMUM SPEED WHAT ARE THE MAIN CONSTRAINS TO THE OPERATIONAL SPEED INCREASE? Some phenomena and parameters to take into account:  Safety ___________social perception, historical evolution.  Economy ________Energy consumption, maintenance costs… some paradoxes  Environment______CO2 emissions, acoustics… Intermodality balance.  Comfort__________Aerodynamics, accelerations… 13 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

15. THE DIFFERENT EFFICIENCY OF THE SPEED INCREASE 14 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

16. COMPARED SPEED PERFORMANCE 80 km 15 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

17. 16 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 COMPARED SPEED PERFORMANCE 500 km

18. 17 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 COMPARED SPEED PERFORMANCE

19. Madrid-Barcelona Madrid-Sevilla Madrid-Málaga Valencia-Barcelona THE CORRIDOR´S FEATURES INFLUENCE I (OPTIMUM SPEED OPERATION ANALYSIS) 18 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 LONG DISTANCE HS

20. Madrid-Segovia-Valladolid Sevilla-Málaga Madrid-Ciudad Real-Puertollano Madrid-Toledo Zaragoza-Huesca 19 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 THE CORRIDOR´S FEATURES INFLUENCE II REGIONAL HS

21. Málaga-Barcelona Sevilla-Barcelona 20 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 THE CORRIDOR´S FEATURES INFLUENCE III VERY LONG DISTANCE HS

22. HYBRID SERVICES Madrid-Olmedo-Coruña Madrid-Olmedo-Vigo Madrid-Valladolid-Santander Madrid-Valladolid-Gijón Madrid-Valladolid-Bilbao Madrid-Valladolid-Vitoria Madrid-Valladolid-León Madrid-Zaragoza-San Sebastián Madrid-Zaragoza-Logroño Madrid-Zaragoza-Pamplona Madrid-Sevilla-Huelva Madrid-Sevilla-Cádiz Madrid-Alicante 21 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011 THE CORRIDOR´S FEATURES INFLUENCE IV

23. 22 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

24. Thank you for your kind attention Eduardo Romo Julián Sastre FUNDACIÓN CAMINOS DE HIERRO 23 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

25. PHASE 1  Description: > general approach to the main concepts and study's general methodology > speed historical evolution for different transport modes  Date 31.1.2012  Deliverables > the optimum speed concept historical evolution for railways > the optimum speed in other transport modes 23 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

26. PHASE 2  Description > main speed constraints characterization > detailed methodology for the optimum speed definition  Date: 31.5.2012  Deliverables > theoretical methodology for an optimum speed > paper on optimum speed to the World Congress on High Speed Rail (2012) 23 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011

27. FINAL PHASE  Description > methodology for a first practical application to a high speed line > final document preparation  Date 30.9.2012  Final deliverables > practical application to a high speed line > final document 23 Workshop on High Speed. Warsaw, November 2011