1. Where we are going today.. Announcements –Buy Niedenthal books please! –Quiz next Tuesday on physical geography of Pacific Biogeography and Pacific Environments Movie on marine environment of Palau

2. Vicariance: by drift and sea level change NZ, Fiji, New Caledonia, PNG, Solomons Biogeography is the study of the spatial distribution of life forms and the processes that create those distributions. Dispersal: everywhere- but exclusively In oceanic islands.

4. Vicariance: by drift and sea level change NZ, Fiji, New Caledonia, PNG, Solomons Biogeography is the study of the spatial distribution of life forms and the processes that create those distributions. Dispersal: everywhere- but exclusively In oceanic islands.

9. Endemism… A species that exists only in the one place. Generally very high in island pacific

10. Montane Rainforest Cloud forest Lowland Rainforest Leeward/shrubland Freshwater Wetland Mangrove Atoll / strand Wind direction

11. “new land” Volcanism

12. Secondary forests and succession

13. Montane Rainforest Cloud forest Lowland Rainforest Leeward/shrubland Freshwater Wetland Mangrove Atoll / strand Wind direction

14. Ocean Ecology See also p. 115

16. See also p. 110 in book. Mangrove and Coral Reefs

23. Disease Ecology

25. Ok, so that’s what Pacific environments used to look like, but… Exotic plants / Agriculture Urbanization Complete devastation Exotic animals Heavy use of marine resources

27. Taro

28. Breadfruit

29. Pandanus

37. Introduced species..

38. Giant Snails

41. Threats and changes to to marine ecology Development and use of the coastlines Dams, upstream chemical contamination Overfishing (size effect) Dynamite and cyanide fishing Coral bleaching (warming climate) Introduced species, predatory species (crown-of-thorns starfish)

42. Threats to marine areas:

44. Overview… Some patterns…. Richest areas of productivity and species are in the western pacific and decreases as you go east. Richest at conjunction of land, air and water and gets less from there. (sea grasses, reefs and mangroves) The more ecological niches, the more species.