1. Deutscher Wetterdienst Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM Rome 05 September 2011 Validation results of a sensitivity experiment with the COSMO-7 using the SRNWP data pool G. Vogel and J.-P. Schulz Deutscher Wetterdienst

2. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Setup of the COSMO-7 experiment Assimilation runs with initial and boundary values (including soil) taken from IFS New external parameters for PLCV and LAI (SEAWIFS), maps of IR-emissivity and of minimum stomatal resistance Use of TERRA (COSMO-version 4.12) with options ( ground- water coupling, exponential depletion of rooting density with depth, heat conductivity depending on current soil water content) New lake and snow modules New climatology for aerosol species Period of time: January 2007 – December 2009

3. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 SRNWP sites Operational soil, surface, and boundary layer measurements available for the years 2007 – 2009. CAR

4. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Soil layer 9cm – 27cm LGS TOU SPC 2007 20082009

5. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Soil layer 27cm – 81cm LIN TOU SPC 2007 20082009

6. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Lindenberg (Falkenberg) Toulouse (Fauga- Mauzac)

7. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Accumulated evapotranspiration sum 2009 Lindenberg (Falkenberg) Toulouse (Fauga- Mauzac)

8. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Offline sensitivity studies Lindenberg (Falkenberg)Soil moisture (9cm - 27cm)

9. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Falkenberg 2009 -based

10. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Offline sensitivity studies

11. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Lindenberg (Falkenberg) Toulouse (Fauga- Mauzac) San Pietro Capofiume July 2009 Soil temperature (-6cm)Soil temperature (-18cm)

12. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 solar radiation balance * 0.60 IR-emissivity *0.90 thermal conductivity *0.5 all modifications together Offline sensitivity studies

13. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 vegetation effect onlyvegetation + therm. cond. Offline sensitivity studies therm. cond. *0.5

14. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Comparison with measured soil heat fluxes Sensitivitiy study with an ssumed vertical profile of heat conductivity Offline sensitivity studies

15. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Conclusions The SRNWP data pool facilitates systematic validation studies over contrasting natural surfaces in different climate regions. Its build-up should be continued. In particular, the site owners should enhance their activities to reduce the data gaps. The parameterization of the rooting properties yet exhibits defi- ciencies. There are some proposals for improving. They should be tested in the entire model domain. In order to get more realistic soil temperatures the current ap- proach of the thermal conductivity should be revised.

16. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Thank you for your attention!

17. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Falkenberg 2009 -based

18. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 rootdp_min (= 0.12m or e.g. half of maximum value) rootdp_max (see look-up table) plcov SEAWIFS current plant cover value from SEAWIFS plcv_min SEAWIFS minimum plant cover from SEAWIFS in the annual cycle Plcv_avg SEAWIFS averaged maximum plant cover from SEAWIFS values (June – August) Adaption of rooting depth to SEAWIFS-based plant cover in the annual cycle

19. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 plcv (SEAWIFS)Rooting depth (op.)Rooting depth (intp)

20. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Dependency of soil moisture on soil type

21. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 SRNWP sites Operational soil, surface, and boundary layer measurements available for the years 2007 – 2009. ( ) ()

22. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Interdiurnal change of soil moisture at Falkenberg during spring-summer 2009

23. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 TOU 2009 Bowen ratio 0.37 1.17 1.01 Bowen ratio 1.12 1.46 1.69 CAB 2009 LGS 2009 Bowen ratio 0.45 1.08 1.04 Radiation balance Latent heat flux Sensible heat flux

24. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Payerne Cabauw Cardington July 2009 Soil temperature (-6cm)Soil temperature (-18cm)

25. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Impact of vegetation on measured soil temperatures

26. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Boundary conditions: Heat conduction equation (Peters-Lidard (1998): Current approach (Johansen, 1975): McCumber and Pielke (1981) :

27. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Soil temperatures and soil heat flux in coniferous forest (Kehrigk)

28. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 LGS (Cfb): humid temperate climate, cool summer, no dry season TOU (Csa): humide temperate climate, hot and dry summer, mediterranean SPC (Cfa): humide temperate climate, hot summer, no dry season Climate conditions at SRNWP sites

29. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 Impact of COSMO-7 modifications on annual precipitation

30. Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory – Richard Aßmann Observatory G. Vogel COSMO GM 05 September 2011 External parameters at the SRNWP sites