1. The Plant “Body”
The plant organs of roots, stems, and leaves are organized into three types of tissue:
Dermal tissue
Vascular tissue
Xylem
Phloem
Ground tissue

2. The Plant “Body” Types of tissue:
Dermal tissue – outer protective covering
Vascular tissue – carries out transportation of materials between roots and shoots
Xylem – transports water and dissolved minerals up from roots into the shoots
Phloem – transports sugars from leaves to other parts of plant (sites of growth)
Ground tissue – not dermal or vascular

3. The Plant “Body”
When you eat the following, what plant structure are you consuming?
Celery sticks
Onions
Carrot sticks

4. The Plant “Body”
When you eat the following, what plant structure are you consuming?
Celery sticks – petioles (joins leaves to stem)
Onions – storage leaves
Carrot sticks – storage roots

5. The Plant “Body” Types of Cells: Parenchyma cells – metabolism
Collenchyma cells – support
Scerenchyma cells – extra support
Xylem Cells – water conducting cells
Phloem Cells – sugar conductive cells

6. Xylem Cells – water conducting cells

7. Phloem Cells – sugar conductive cells

8. Try This! Evolution Connection
“Evolutionary biologists have coined the term exaptation to describe a common occurrence in the evolution of life: A limb or organ originally has a particular function but later fulfills a new function. What are some examples of exaptations in plant organs?”

9. Soil and Plant Nutrition (Ch 37)
You must know:
The difference between macronutrients and micronutrients.
The importance of mutualistic relationships between plant roots and the bacteria and fungi that grow in the rhizosphere.
Examples of nonmutualistic nutritional adaptations in plants.

10. How do plants get the inorganic nutrition (NOT FOOD) that they need for survival?

11. Macronutrients vs Micronutrients
Macronutrients: essential nutrients required in relatively large amounts
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosophorus, sulphur (CHNOPS)
Potassium, calcium, magnesium
Nitrogen is essential! Why????

12. Macronutrients vs Micronutrients
Macronutrients: essential nutrients required in relatively large amounts
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosophorus, sulphur (CHNOPS)
Potassium, calcium, magnesium
Nitrogen is essential! Why????
Building amino acids

13. Macronutrients vs Micronutrients
Micronutrients: essential nutrients required in minute quantities
Primarily function as cofactors
Iron, manganese, zinc, and copper

14. Macronutrients vs Micronutrients
Explain why it is not always a good thing to remove lawn clippings.

15. Macronutrients vs Micronutrients
Explain why it is not always a good thing to remove lawn clippings.
As lawn clippings decompose, they restore nutrients to the soil

16. Rhizosphere Rhizospere Unique ecosystem
Layer of soil that is bound to the plants’ roots
Rich in microbial activity
Characterized by mutualistic symbiotic relationships
Rhizobacteria
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Mycorrihzae (fungi)

18. Rhizosphere

19. Nonmutulalistc adaptations
Epiphytes
Grow on other plant surfaces instead of soil
Nitrogen poor soil

20. Nonmutulalistc adaptations
Parasitic plants
Rely on other plants for nutrients
Tap into host vascular system
Nitrogen poor soil

21. Nonmutulalistc adaptations
Carnivorous plants
Get nitrogen and other materials by digesting small animals
In what type of soil would you find carnivorous plants?
Nitrogen poor soil

22. Practice:
Questions #12-16, p. 224 in Holtzclaw
Handout!