1. Kersten Stelmach, Maggie Bailey, Hailey Frankland

2.  20 minutes for the asphalt to get to about 300 degrees  The average time it takes to pave a regular freeway is about two days  275$ per square foot for highways

3.  HMA (Hot Mix Asphalt) is put in trucks to be transported to the paving sites  The trucks dump the HMA into hoppers located in the front of paving machines  The asphalt must stay at 175 degrees

4. Lighter hydrocarbons are towards the top of the fractional column while the heavier molecules are towards the bottom

5.  Asphalt chunks or millings are loaded into an asphalt recycler that mixes them until they are combined  Asphalt is a compound  It includes sand, crushed stone, or gravel  Also petroleum and crude oil is mixed with it too  Depending on how much you heat it up, it could become a solid or a liquid

6.  The hydrocarbon material is made from the left over waste material from kerosene, gasoline, and diesel fuels  Asphalt is a hydrocarbon mixture that is heated until it has the consistency of tar  Asphalt is a by-product of the excess material after crude oil and petroleum have been harvested  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FI2JQ- bVNMw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FI2JQ- bVNMw

7.  There are four main advantages of using asphalt:  Economical  Durable  Safe  Recyclable

8.  Low cost  It takes less time to complete construction  Saves contractors, public, and government time  Dries very fast, less traffic

9.  Can be used for low and high traffic conditions  Tractor trailers can drive on it without it cracking under pressure  Can width stand different weather conditions  High flexibility

10.  Smooth like finish  Skid resistant  Reduces splash-back  Better visual differences (reduces surface water)

11.  100% recyclable  Saves renewable, natural resources  Its life cycle never ends (can be reused over and over)  Every year, 75 million tons of asphalt is recycled

12.  If asphalt isn’t manufactured, road conditions would not be suitable for travel  They would become cracked and uneven over time  Runways for planes won’t be able to handle the weight and its velocity  Eventually, the roads wouldn’t be in a good enough condition to drive on  Without petroleum in asphalt, it wouldn’t be durable  The bond between all the materials wouldn’t stick together and form

13.  By using the RAP, it will lower the amount of petroleum, crude oil, and other materials needed  an owner operator recycling 50 tons/day for 30 days, will yield a savings/profit of $90,000  Petroleum is needed to make good quality asphalt  If you discontinue asphalt, we will have to use dirt road and gravel road that damages cars and trucks

14.  It is reusable  Asphalt does not add to the landfills  RAP means ‘Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement’, asphalt pavement material that has been removed from paved surfaces and reprocessed (recycled).  This method keeps 75 million tons of asphalt out of the landfills  When it’s time to dispose of the RAP, contractors will often bring it to a hot mix plant, which charges a small fee and then recycles/resells it.

15.  http://www.apa- mi.org/what_is_hot_mix_asphalt_paveme.php http://www.apa- mi.org/what_is_hot_mix_asphalt_paveme.php  http://www.asphaltrecycling.com/display.ph p?cnt_id=24 http://www.asphaltrecycling.com/display.ph p?cnt_id=24  http://www.wisegeek.org/how-is-asphalt- made.htm http://www.wisegeek.org/how-is-asphalt- made.htm  (Company we called for information is on the sheet)