1. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 13 Ear

2. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 13 Lesson 13.1 13-2

3. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-3 Objectives  Identify organs and structures of the ear.  Define and spell the word parts related to the ear.  Define, pronounce and spell disease and disorder terms related to the ear.  Define, pronounce, and spell surgical terms related to the ear.

4. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-4 Function of the Ear  hearing and providing the sense of balance. The ear is made up of three parts: the external ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. We hear because sound waves vibrate through the ear where they are transformed into nerve impulses that are then carried to the brain.

5. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-5 Anatomy of the Ear

6. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-6 The Middle Ear

7. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-7 Ear  external ear  auricle (pinna): located on both sides of the head  external auditory meatus: short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane

8. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-8 Ear (cont’d.)  middle ear  tympanic membrane (eardrum): semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory meatus and the middle ear cavity and transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles  eustachian tube: connects the middle ear and the pharynx  ossicles: bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations

9. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-9 Ear (cont’d.)  labyrinth (inner ear)  cochlea: snail-shaped and contains the organ of hearing; connects to the oval window in the middle ear  semicircular canals and vestibule: contain receptors and endolymph that help the body maintain its sense of balance  mastoid bone and cells: located in the skull bone behind the external auditory meatus

10. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-10 Combining Forms of the Ear  audi/o  aur/i, aur/o, ot/o  chochle/o  labyrinth/o  mastoid/o  myring/o  staped/o  tympan/o  vestibul/o

11. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-11 Clicker Question The combining form for ear drum is a) myring/o b) staped/o c) audi/o

12. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-12 Helpful Information tympan/ousually means middle ear myring/omeans eardrum (tympanic membrane) labyrinth/omeans inner ear

13. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-13 Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts  labyrinthitis  mastoiditis  myringitis  otalgia  osteomastoiditis  otomycosis  otopyorrhea  otorrhea  otosclerosis  tympanitis

14. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-14 Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built From Word Parts  acoustic neuroma  ceruminoma  cholesteatoma  ménière disease  otitis externa  otitis media (OM)  presbycusis  tinnitus  vertigo

15. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-15 Clicker Question Hearing impairment in old age is a) otosclerosis b) presbycusis

16. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-16 Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts  cochlear implant  labyrinthectomy  mastoidectomy  mastoidotomy  myringoplasty  myringotomy  stapedectomy  tympanoplasty

17. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-17 myringotomy

18. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 13 Lesson 13.2

19. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-19 Objectives  Define, pronounce and spell diagnostic terms related to the ear.  Interpret the meaning of abbreviations related to the ear.  Interpret, read and comprehend medical language in simulated medical statements and documents.

20. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-20 Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts  audiogram  audiometry  otoscope  otoscopy  tympanometer  tympanometry

21. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-21 audiogram

22. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-22 Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts  audiologist  audiology  aural  cochlear  otologist  otology  otorhinolaryngologist (ENT)  vestibular  vestibulocochlear

23. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-23 Abbreviations  ADM  EENT  ENT  OM

24. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.13-24 Read Medical Terms in Use Acute Otitis Media Acute otitis media is one of the most common pediatric infections. Most middle ear infections are caused by bacteria, and some by viruses. Symptoms include otalgia, otorrhea, ear pulling, and irritability. The tympanic membrane will be bulging, red in color, with a thickened appearance and reduced translucency Antibiotics may be ordered if the infection does not resolve on its own. If unresponsive to antibiotic treatment, a myringotomy may be performed to identify the causative pathogen, allowing for the appropriate antibiotic treatment to be prescribed.