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Gillian Rowe1,2, Angela K. Troyer1, Kelly J

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Presentation on theme: "Gillian Rowe1,2, Angela K. Troyer1, Kelly J"— Presentation transcript:

1 Implicit Processes Enhance Cognitive Abilities in Amnestic-Mild Cognitive Impairment
Gillian Rowe1,2, Angela K. Troyer1, Kelly J. Murphy1,2, Lynn Hasher2,3, & Renee Biss2 Alzheimer’s Disease International Toronto March 27, 2011

2 Acknowledgements Brian Richards Guy Proulx Morris Goldenberg
Medical Research Endowment

3 conflicts of interest to report.
Conflict of Interest Disclosure Gillian Rowe, Ph.D Angela Troyer, Ph.D Kelly Murphy, Ph.D Lynn Hasher, Ph.D Renee Biss, M.A. Has no real or apparent conflicts of interest to report.

4 Background and Purpose
Pattern of impaired explicit and intact implicit memory observed in individuals with aMCI Can be thought of as conscious and unconscious Research/interventions often target impaired abilities May be effortful and possibly distressing Instead, can we use implicit processes to influence explicit Enhance explicit without effort or awareness Pattern of impaired explicit and intact implicit memory observed in aMCI (explain aMCI) - explicit can be thought of as consciously remembering something, whereas implicit pro cesses are those we’re not aware of. Research/interventions often target the impaired explicit abilities - but remembering something consciously can sometimes take a lot of effort, plus if a person finds it difficult, it may also cause distress as they may focus on their limitations Instead, use implicit processes to influence explicit - Enhance explicit without effort or awareness

5 Background and Purpose
Previously shown with healthy older adults Rowe et al., 2006 Known to be more susceptible to distraction than younger Evidence they pick up irrelevant information implicitly Use that information for later task if it becomes relevant Without awareness And previous work has shown that this is the case with healthy older adults. This was achieved by utilizing something that’s often a problem for older adults, as well as individuals with many different types of impairment – susceptibility to distraction It turns out that because older adults are easily distracted by irrelevant information, they may pick up that information without being aware they’re doing so (i.e., implicitly). But then, if that information later becomes relevant

6 Background and Purpose
People with aMCI also susceptible to distraction Would same effect be found? If so, possible opportunities for intervention in aMCI Everyday memory Autobiographical memory Prospective memory So the question we had was whether or not people with aMCI would also pick up and use information in the same way If they did, then that provides many different possibilities for intervention tio help various types of memory And we are particularly interest in enhancing autobiographical memory

7 Method Used adaptation of earlier work Participants 22 aMCI
22 matched healthy controls Same/different judgments of consecutive stream of line drawings. Ignore letter strings E M B L E M L O T T E R Y H F X V V L I V E R Explain task

8 Method 10 min filler - computerized Corsi Block task

9 Word-Fragment Completion Task
Method Word-Fragment Completion Task 30 word fragments 10 words told to ignore 10 not seen earlier 10 easy fillers Say first thing came into head E _ _ _ E R E R A S E R S U _ _ L Y S U P P L Y W I _ _ E R W I N N E R L I _ _ R L I V E R A _ _ I T _ O N A M B I T I O N E _ _ _ E M E M B L E M _ _ A M _ S T A M P L _ T _ E _ Y L O T T E R Y _ R _ V _ G R A V Y Explain purpose of this task 30 words fragments presented one at a time 10 words participants were told to ignore 10 they hadnt seen 10 easy fillers Presented sequentially Told to say first thing that came into their head

10 Word-Fragment Completion Task
Method Word-Fragment Completion Task E _ _ _ E R E R A S E R S U _ _ L Y S U P P L Y W I _ _ E R W I N N E R L I _ _ R L I V E R A _ _ I T _ O N A M B I T I O N E _ _ _ E M E M B L E M _ _ A M _ S T A M P L _ T _ E _ Y L O T T E R Y _ R _ V _ G R A V Y

11 Results More words fragments solved for previously seen words
Will first show you the results showing that both groups were using memory for the previously seen words to help solve the word fragments Explain what this is showing – priming based on diff between # words solved that previously seen and # solved that hadnt been seen Significant difference between groups with aMCI solving more than controls Suggesting that aMCI either being more distracted than healthy older adults, or the information more likely to be used - may be because explicit processes not being used as much We wondered if there was a correlation between implicit and explicit processes (CBT) More words fragments solved for previously seen words Significantly more for aMCI group compared to controls

12 Results Correlation between implicit and explicit memory (aMCI)
CBT Priming Battery of tasks given as well Non really surprising But one interesting finding was this: Here I’m showing the significant negative correlation between implicit and explicit memory for the aMCI group – explain what this means r= .49, p = .02 CBT: aMCI 0.18 (2.27 trials corr) vs Controls 0.25 (3.09 trials correct)

13 How can this be applied to everyday and autobiographical memory?
Similar paradigm using everyday situation/materials Virtual shopping mall Explicit task: list of items to buy Test for irrelevant information

14 Acknowledgements Brian Richards Guy Proulx Morris Goldenberg
Medical Research Endowment


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