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Published byCody Cross Modified over 9 years ago
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Genes and Chromosomes
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Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located on chromosomes
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Alleles Alternate forms of a gene Cause variations and diversity
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Chromosomes Homologous chromosomes contain same genes but can have different alleles Humans have 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes Female = XX; Male = XY Which parent determines the sex of the child?
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Identifying and Studying Chromosomes Chromosome samples obtained (by amniocentesis for fetus) Chromosomes stained, photographed, cut out, matched up by size, shape, and banding patterns and arranged in order to form a karyotype Allows for determination of sex and chromosomal abnormalities
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Karyotyping: Picture of an individual’s chromosome
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Can you see the extra chromosome?....... This one shows an extra chromosome #21 – called trisomy 21. A person with this karyotype has Down’s Syndrome.
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