1. By: Jolene Swoverland

2.  A condition diagnosed before the age of 18 that includes below-average general intellectual function and the lack of skills necessary for daily living  Also called intellectual and developmental disability

3.  Many causes but doctors find a specific reason in only 25% of cases  Examples: 1. Infections- meningitis, HIV, rubella 2. Chromosomal Abnormalities 3. Environmental 4. Genetic-PKU, Tay-Sachs disease 5. Metabolic-poorly regulated diabetes 6. Nutritional-malnutrition

4. CContinued infant like behavior DDecreased learning ability FFailure to meet markers of intellectual development IInability to meet educational demands at school LLack of curiosity LLearn to crawl, sit up or walk later LLearn more slowly

5.  IQ of 50-69  Capable of learning reading and math skills to the level of a child 9-12  Can learn self-care and practical skills

6.  IQ 35-49  Nearly always apparent within first years of life  Speech delays common  Can learn simple health and safety skills and participate in simple activities

7.  Must meet three criteria: 1. An IQ below 70 2. Significant limitations in two or more areas of adaptive behavior 3. Evidence that the limitations become apparent before the age of 18

8.  Teachers attend workshops  Day camps for disabled children  Fully staffed residential homes  School programs to help them get a job in the community

9.  IQ scores  Adaptive functioning-skills needed to live independently  Evidence that the limitations become apparent in childhood

10. www.health.nytimes.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_retardation