1. Petra Buhr, Johannes Huinink Childlessness and Family Formation Presentation for the Advisory Board of the pairfam-project, 2-3 July, Bremen

2. Contents The Decision to Parenthood Research Questions Some Preliminary Results from the First Wave Questions to the Advisory Board

3. The Decision to Parenthood Parenthood is one particular means of welfare production. Parenthood is embedded in the individual life course.  Competition with other goals  Substitution by other goals  Interdependence with other life events Parenthood has to be analyzed in a multi-level perspective  opportunity structure  individual resources  individual dispositions

4. Research Questions - 1 Wish for Children a lot of research, but few panel studies different concepts ideal vs. realistic wish for children  stability over the life course  factors, events which may induce change  stopping

5. Research Questions - 2 Timing of decision to parenthood in life course anticipation of consequences for other life goals preconditions, e. g. biographical certainty lowering of aspiration level if parenthood becomes more urgent? values and attitudes  selection and adaptation transition to second child, e. g. experience with parental role

6. Research Questions - 3 Childlessness Qualitative research has identified three types  „early articulators“  „postponers“  involuntary childlessness due to infertility reasons for early decision against children childlessness vs. late motherhood voluntary  involuntary childlessness use of reproductive medicine

7. Research Questions - 4 Family formation in the context of partnership lack of dyadic studies partnership as determinant of wish for children and family formation interdependence of orientations of both partners agreement/disagreement relative influence of each partner

8. Research Questions - 5 Influence of social networks relative influence of different persons different kinds of influence  norms  resources  social learning

9. Research Questions - 6 Institutional determinants of family formation and regional differences perception of societal conditions and family policy influence of different opportunity structures and family policy on decision to parenthood (cultural) causes of regional differences in family formation

10. Some preliminary results Number of Children by Cohort Wish for Children Ideal Family Size and Number of Children by Educational Level Ideal Family Size and Expected Number of Children in the Subgroup of respondents without Children

16. Questions to the Advisory Board Did we miss something in building our instruments? How to measure the wish for children How to measure the influence of the institutional framework? Developmental control (flexibility, tenaciousness) Quality of Children