1. End Show Slide 1 of 28 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview

2. End Show Slide 2 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Photosynthesis Equation The equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 carbon dioxide + water sugars + oxygen Light

3. End Show Slide 3 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Photosynthesis Equation O2O2 CO 2 + H 2 0 Sugar ADP NADP + Light-Dependent Reactions (thylakoids) H2OH2O ATP NADPH Calvin Cycle (stroma) Light energy

4. End Show Slide 4 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Light and Pigments Pigments absorb light energy. The main pigment in plants is chlorophyll. Types of chlorophyll: chlorophyll a chlorophyll b

5. End Show Slide 5 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Light and Pigments Chlorophyll absorbs light well in the blue-violet and red regions of the visible spectrum. Wavelength (nm) Estimated Absorption (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a Wavelength (nm)

6. End Show Slide 6 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Light and Pigments Chlorophyll does not absorb light will in the green region of the spectrum. Green light is reflected by leaves, which is why plants look green. Estimated Absorption (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a Wavelength (nm)

7. End Show Slide 7 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Light and Pigments When chlorophyll absorbs light, the energy raises the energy levels of its electrons. This stored energy is used to make glucose.

8. End Show Slide 8 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Leaf Structure Epidermis – outer layers Mesophyll – food making cells Veins – food & water transport

9. End Show Slide 9 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Epidermis Covers outer surfaces of the leaf Upper epidermis has a waxy cuticle that forms a water-repellent covering Lower epidermis Stomates

10. End Show Slide 10 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Stomates Small pores in lower epidermis Surrounded by guard cells Gases move into and out of the leaf by diffusion through the stomates

11. End Show Slide 11 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mesophyll Photosynthetic tissue Palisades – upper layer of packed cells Spongy – lower layer with air spaces Air spaces allow for diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen

12. End Show Slide 12 of 28 8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Veins Xylem tubes – transport water up Phloem tubes – transport food down

13. End Show Slide 13 of 28 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 Plants use the sugars produced in photosynthesis to make a.oxygen. b.starches. c.carbon dioxide. d.protein.

14. End Show Slide 14 of 28 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 The raw materials required for plants to carry out photosynthesis are a.carbon dioxide and oxygen. b.oxygen and sugars. c.carbon dioxide and water. d.oxygen and water.

15. End Show Slide 15 of 28 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 The principal pigment in plants is a.chloroplast. b.chlorophyll. c.carotene. d.carbohydrate.

16. End Show Slide 16 of 28 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-2 The colors of light that are absorbed by chlorophylls are a.green and yellow. b.green, blue, and violet. c.blue, violet, and red. d.red and yellow.