1. Spain Courtney Wagner, Jenny Anderson, Mimi Hladik, and Ina Bryant

2. Spanish Cuisine History Began with Romans – brought olive oil and garlic Moors – brought citrus fruits, peaches, figs, cultivation of rice, saffron, pepper, nutmeg, anise, and almonds New World – provided tomatoes, chocolate, potatoes, and sweet and hot peppers Courtney Wagner

3. Tapas (appetizers) almonds or olives, scallops, prawns, pickled herring, ham, marinated mushrooms, anchovies Fancier ones include: Bunuelitos – deep fried vegetables, meat poultry, or fish that’s been coated in batter Empanadillas – small pastries filled with chopped meat, fish or poultry Banderillas – colorful tapas served on long toothpicks Pinchos – grilled foods

4. Salad and Soup Salad often follows the tapas Lettuce, tomato, with simple oil and vinegar dressing Soups Sopa al cuarto de hora – 15 min soup with mussels, prawns, whitefish, rice, peas, hard cooked eggs, and saffron Garlic soup – sauté two cloves of garlic in olive oil and add bread Gazpacho – tomatoes, onions, garlic, cucumbers, and green peppers, served icy cold

5. Main Dishes Excellent at preparing seafood and meat All-i-oli – garlic mayonnaise served with seafood Chorizo – dark sausage with spicy/smoky flavor Paella – rice dish with chicken, shrimp, mussels, whitefish, peas, and spices Bread accompanies most dishes Vegetables are usually served as a separate course

6. Desserts Fresh fruit, dried figs, cheese, almonds Rice pudding, sponge cake, flan (caramel custard) Cakes and pastries (contain many eggs and powdered almonds)

7. Unique Ingredients Pimenton de La Vera (smoked Paprika) Arbequina and Manzanilla olives White asparagus Sherry vinegar made from sherry wine Squid or calamare Ina Bryant

8. Methods of Preparation Roast Fry Sauté Steam Grill (either on a metal plate or on a charcoal grill) It is not as common to bake or broil

9. Main Attractions Tomato festival Running of the Bulls Palacio Real de Madrid La Concha Bull fighting

10. Geography of Spain 2 main geographical features are water and mountains -water surrounds the peninsula -has several mountain ranges Most Spaniards live alone the coast for fertile soil Pyreness (a mountain range) separates Spain & France from the rest of Europe 4 mountain ranges divide the rest of the land into isolated units Meseta is the larges plateau -occupies more than ½ of Spain Jenny Anderson

11. Geography Facts The coast line is 4,964 km They have periodic droughts They are currently facing some environmental issues: -deforestation -air pollution -pollution of the Mediterranean Its slightly twice the size of Oregon Strait of Gibraltar: -connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean -separates Gibraltar and Spain in Europe from Morocco in Africa

12. Location of Spain Southwestern Europe Bordered by: -the Bay of Biscay -Mediterranean Sea -North Atlantic Ocean -Pyrenees Mountains Southwest of France

13. Climate Temperate: - clear, hot summers, mild winters, light rainfall, more moderate and cloudy -along coast: cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy -cool along coast Meseta climate (central Spain): -most severe climate -extremes of both heat and cold Northern Spain: -cool summers and mild, damp winters Southern Spain: - semi-desert with virtually no winter

14. Natural Resources Coal Lignite Iron ore Copper Lead Zinc Uranium Tungsten Mercury Pyrites Magnetite Fluorspar Gypsum Sepiolite Kaolin Potash Hydropower Arable land

15. History originally inhabited by Celts, Iberians, and Basques part of the Roman Empire in 206 B.C. In 711 entered from Muslims In 1478 Jews and Muslims official state religion: Roman Catholicism Hapsburg monarchy most powerful The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) resulted in Spain's loss of Belgium, Luxembourg, Milan, Sardinia, and Naples In World War I, position of neutrality new constitution separated church and state, and secularized the schools Mimi Hladik

16. Government Parliamentary monarchy Chief of State: Juan Carlos de Borbon y Borbon, King Head of Government: Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy

17. Agriculture Fishing or farming Large landowners Primary crops: wheat, olives, potatoes, rice, beans, grapes, tomatoes and honey World best oranges grow in Valencia Moors build extensive irrigation system Raise sheep and cattle Wine production is popular

18. Recreation Children Activities Amusement Parks Bull Fights Horseback Riding L'Hemisfèric in Valencia (a planetarium in IMAX) Majorca Caves (caves) Ronda (small mountain town)

19. Recreation Cultural Activities Alhambra (massive collection of Muslim buildings) Guggenheim Museum (giant piece of contemporary art) La Sagrada Família (Antoni Gaudí’s unfinished cathedral) Museo del Prado ( Madrid` s finest museum) Toledo (synagogues, mosques, museums, and churches )

20. Holidays and Celebrations New Year’s Eve For the patron of each town Parades Bonfires Bullfights Beauty contests Annual Feast Day Pop a grape into their mouth Every hour Until midnight Means 12 times good luck Fiesta of San Fermin Pamplona Each July Bulls run through town Young men run ahead Ends in an amateur bullfights

21. Bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait_of_Gibraltar http://geography.about.com/library/cia/blcspain.htm