1. AP Biology Exam Review Molecules and Cells – 25%

2. Cellular Energetics – 8% Coupled reactions Fermentation and cellular respiration Photosynthesis

3. Equations Cellular respiration: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + ATP Photosynthesis 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + sunlight  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

4. Cellular respiration overview

5. Phosphorylation Substrate level: ADP+P 1 with enzymatic assistance Oxidative: oxygen as final acceptor, proton gradient generated with ETC, activating ATP synthase enzyme

6. Substrate level Glycolysis Krebs cycle

7. Glycolysis 2 ATP 2 Pyruvate 2 NADH

8. Acetyl CoA

9. Krebs cycle

10. ETC and ATP synthase

11. Chemiosmosis

12. Cell respiration review

13. Alcohol fermentation

14. Lactic acid fermentation

15. Respiration Aerobic vs. anaerobic respiration Anaerobic only in cytoplasm

16. Photosynthesis products

17. Photosynthesis overview

18. Light transmission

19. Photospectrum

20. Chlorophyll structure

21. Photosystem

22. Noncyclic phosphorylation

23. Chemiosmosis comparison

24. Photosynthetic chemiosmosis

25. Calvin Dark reaction Light independent reaction

26. Cyclic phosphorylation (photorespiration)

27. C4 pathway Desert and tropical plants

28. CAM vs. C4 pathway Cacti and succulents

29. Photosynthesis review