1. Table of Contents I. Colonization II. Nationalism and Independence III. War/Peace and Results IV. Other Major Events

2. I. Colonization of East Asia  Vocabulary  Imperialism- an attempt to dominate a country’s government, trade, and culture.  Indirect Rule- appointing locals to run the government and culture the way the colonizers saw fit.  Assimilation- policy forcing native cultures to adopt the culture of their colonizers.  Nationalism- pride in one’s nation

3. I. Colonization of East Asia  Colonization of East Asia began in the early 1500s and lasted until the mid 1900s.  Colonizers included  Great Britain- India, Malaysia and Parts of China  France- Vietnam and Cambodia  United States- Philippines  Japan- Koreas, Parts of SE Asia and China during WWII,  Netherlands- Indonesia

4. I. Colonization of East Asia  Reasons for Colonization:  Political Nationalism Rivalry World Status Expansion  Economic Trade (Monopoly) Resources Labor (Cheap)  Culture Spread of Christianity “Civilizing the World”

5. I. Colonization of East Asia  Impact  Positive: Technology Health Care Centralized Government Defined Boundaries Political Stability  Negative: Disease Ethnic Tension Monopoly- forced to buy from Europeans. Loss of Culture Political Tension

6. I. Colonization of East Asia  USA’s Colony  The US won the colony of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War on December 10, 1898.  Philippine independence came in 1946 due to delays of WWII and Japanese occupation.

7. II. Nationalism and Independence  Nationalism- pride in or loyalty to one’s country or ethnicity.  Feelings of nationalism within the colonized the countries and the organized response against colonization help lead to the end of the “Age of Imperialism”.

8. II. Nationalism and Independence  Reasons for Nationalism: Desire for self government. Trade Monopolies Second Class Citizenship Best Jobs and Education went to Europeans and supporters.

9. II. Nationalism and Independence  India  Leader of the independence movement in India was Mohandas Gandhi.  He used non violence and civil disobedience to fight the British rule.  Civil Disobedience- the refusal to obey unfair laws even though it might result in punishment.  Major Events- Walk to the Sea to make salt as a way to rebel against the salt tax and the British monopoly.  Gandhi did not want his country broken into Hindu and Muslim regions.

10. II. Nationalism and Independence  India  Indian National Congress- group of Indians (Hindus) that fought for independence and to protect Indian rights.  Muslim League- group of Muslims that fought for independence and to protect Muslim rights.  Neither group wanted to be governed by the other.

11. II. Nationalism and Independence  India gained independence in August 14 th and 15 th, 1947.  India broke into three separate countries with the Hindus receiving modern day India and the Muslims receiving Pakistan and East Pakistan (eventually becoming Bangladesh).

12. II. Nationalism and Independence  China  China’s nationalist movement takes it from a monarchy to a democracy to communism.  China becomes a democracy in 1912 and is led by Sun Yat Sun and a promise to end foreign control under the Nationalism Party.  Democracy under Sun Yixian and later Chang Kai Shek does not work in China because of the many problems China faced like famine and civil order.

13. II. Nationalism and Independence  China  Many young Chinese were unhappy about the failed democratic government. They looked to Russian and their communist party as an alternative.  Mao Zedong founded and became the leader of the Communist Party in 1921.  The Communist Party and the Nationalist Party fought for control of China before and after WWII.  At one point, the communist party were defeated and had to go on the LONG MARCH which is a 6,000 mile escape into the mountains to avoid capture.  After WWII, Mao Zedong and the communist party finally won control of China in 1949 and the Nationalist party fled to Taiwan.

14. II. Nationalism and Independence  Vietnam  In the early 1900s, France controlled Vietnam.  Ho Chi Minh founded and led the communist party in Vietnam because the communist party were outspoken against European colonization.  Ho Chi Minh founded the Vietminh League during WWII which fought for independence from France.  In 1954, Vietnam was granted independence but divided by the United Nations at the Geneva Conference.  The North was led by Ho Chi Minh and the South was controlled by the United States with elections in a year to join the two countries under one government.