1. Italy: Birth Place of the Renaissance

2. Renaissance  Rebirth of:  Learning and art  Revival of classical Greek and Roman Culture.

3. Why Italy?  Thriving Cities  Northern Italy was urban-Venice, Florence & Rome.  Crusades encouraged trade  Bubonic Plague= 60% pop. DEAD  Time to pursue other interests.  Wealthy Merchant Class  Dominated politics  MEDICI FAMILY  Classical heritage of Greece and Rome

4. Humanism  Petarch---father of Renaissance Humanism.  FLORENCE: MAJOR CENTER  CIVIC DUTY  Classical texts no longer have to agree with Christian teachings.  Based on the writing of Greeks & Romans.  Popularized the study of history, literature and philosophy.

5. Pleasures  Secular:  worldly rather than spiritual; concerned with the here and now.  Enjoy life without offending God.  Good food  Wine  Music  Material luxuries

6. Patrons  Supported the arts & artists  Large monetary grants to artists  Wealthy merchants displayed their wealth through their donations.

7. Renaissance art People

8. Renaissance Art Places

9. Leonardo da Vinci  Painter, sculptor, inventor and scientist.

10. Scientist

11. Painter

13. Machiavelli: Political Guide  The Prince  Ruler gains power and keeps it  Political games and trickery  Not concerned with what was morally right but was politically effective.

14. The Prince: “From this arises the question whether it is better to be loved more than feared, or feared more than loved. The reply is, that one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for the tow to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved, if one of the two has to be wanting. For it may be said of men in general that they are ungrateful, voluble [changeable], dissemblers [liars], anxious to avoid danger, and covetous of gain; as long as you benefit them, they are entirely yours; they offer you their blood, their goods, their life, and their children, as I have before said, when the necessity is remote; but when it approaches, they revolt. And the prince who has relied solely on their words, without making preparations is ruined”

15. Northern Renaissance  England, France, Germany, and Flanders  Ideas from Italy were spread into Northern Europe by:  Scholars  Students  Merchants

16. The Elizabethan Age

17. Accomplishments of the N. Renaissance  Spreading of printed ideas.  Made books cheaper.  More people could buy them.  JOHANN GUTENBERG

18. Legacy of the Renaissance  In the Arts:  Secular works  Drew on techniques & style of Greece and Rome.  More realistic  Writers used vernacular languages  Arts praised individual achievements.

19. Changes in Society:  Printing was cheaper  Greater availability of books increased the desire for learning.  Published legal proceedings made laws clear= people understood their rights.  Humanists’ reformed how people lived.  People began to question political and religious structures.