1. Unit # 3 – Middle Ages
Lesson # 4: Crusades

2. Objective and Bell Ringer
Rome Falls
Feudalism Begins
Christianity Spreads
The Crusades are Fought
Trade Increases
Cities and Towns Grow
Objective and Bell Ringer
Bell Ringer: Complete “Christianity Spreads” portion of the Flow Chart (see above if missed class). Describe the Christian Religion in this box.
Objective: Describe how the Crusades have had a lasting impact on society
Exit Ticket: 1 paragraph answering question – Why were people willing to fight in the Crusades?
Title “True or False”
The Crusades reading
The Crusades Video Guided Questions-in notebook
Crusades, Increased Trade

3. Religion and Politics
Where did people turn for stability during the Middle Ages?
Who controlled the Church?
What are three powers of the church?

4. Remember from yesterday…
Where did people turn for stability during the Middle Ages?
The Catholic Church
Who controlled the Church?
The Pope
What are three powers of the church?
Excommunication – kick people out
Laws – Pax Dei and Treuga Dei
Tithing – Collecting tax

5. True or False
First, copy down the following statements into your notes leaving 3-4 spaces in between each statement to provide justification:Answer today
1. The Roman Empire did not help the Church become widespread across Europe.
2. The Catholic Church was very powerful.
3. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Catholic Church hurt the stability of the region.
4. Excommunication and Interdicts were ineffective at curbing bad behavior from the people.
5. Pax Dei and Treuga Dei existed to create peace.

6. The Crusades
From the 11th to 13th centuries, European Christians went on the Crusades
The Crusades were a series of military campaigns to regain the Holy Land from the Muslims who were known as infidels (non- believers)
The goal of each Crusade was to take Jerusalem and the surrounding area away from the Muslims
Many Christians believed that Jesus would only come again once Christians held Jerusalem
The Muslims also considered Jerusalem holy
The First Crusade started when Muslim Turks attacked the Byzantine Empire

7. The Byzantine Emperor asked for help and Pope Urban II responded by urging Christians to take up arms in a holy war (1095)
Slogan: “God wills it!”

8. Captured Jerusalem and killed most of its inhabitants Second Crusade
A few years later the Muslims began to recapture lands
It was a complete failure – took no lands from Muslims

9. In 1187 he captured Jerusalem
Third Crusade
A new leader emerges among the Muslims – Salah ad-Din, whom the Europeans call Saladin
In 1187 he captured Jerusalem
Due to this, the Third Crusade is launched and several monarchs set out for the Holy Land
Only Richard made it to and fought in the Holy Land
King Richard and Saladin fought fiercely against each other and although Richard won several battles, he was not able to take Jerusalem
Richard instead negotiates an agreement with Saladin for Christian pilgrims to be allowed to go into Jerusalem and he returns home

11. Children’s Crusade
, seven ships carrying 20,000 French children sails for the Holy Land
Two ships sink and the other five ships reach North Africa, where the rest of the children were sold into slavery

13. Effects of the Crusades
There were nine Crusades launched from to 1291 – the First Crusade was the only successful one
The Crusades increased trade and some Italian cities benefited economically
Lots of money and manpower spent on the Crusades
Led to the deaths of many knights and nobles
Kings gained power as they took over unoccupied lands
Brought knowledge of Muslim culture to Europe
Began to view all non-Christians as enemies
Undertaking holy wars against Muslims while the “murderers of Christ” ran free at home

14. Anti-Semitism = hostility towards Jews
Massacres of Jews became a feature of medieval European life, anti-Semitism increases
Anti-Semitism = hostility towards Jews
Breeds centuries of mistrust between Christians and Muslims

16. Crusade Reason For People Involved Result First Second Third Fourth Children’s

17. Revival and Growth of Trade
After the Crusades trade began to grow
Most of the early trading cities were found in Italy, with Venice being the most important
Other Italian cities, wanting to get wealthy, created their own trade routes
Trade in the north was dominated by the Hanseatic League
Group of northern German cities and towns that worked together to promote and protect trade

18. Medieval Trade

19. Trade encouraged people to use money again
Before, workers had been paid with goods
This led to some merchants allowing their customers to buy goods on credit
Credit = the promise of later payment
This also led to the creation of Europe’s first banks

21. In the 12th century, craftspeople organized into business associations called guilds that played a leading role in urban economics
The primary functions of a guild was to restrict competition
Craft guilds set quality standards, specified methods of production, fixed the price of the finished product, and determined who could enter the guild
A person who wanted to learn a trade first became an apprentice to a master craftsperson around the age of 8
They received room and board, but no pay
After 5 to 7 years, apprentices became a journeyman who worked for pay for other masters
To become a master, they had to produce a masterpiece which the guild would judge

22. Crusades pp. 404-407 Total Crusades -9 Focus Crusades-4
Use graphic organizer given:
For each of the four crusades in the text write a description that includes
Year
Cause
Two groups fighting
End Result

23. Crusade Analysis Use pp
Crusade Analysis Use pp Answer these questions in your notebook
Which crusades were successful? Why?
Who was Richard the Lion –Hearted?
Who was Saladin?
Which group took control of Jerusalem (Holy Land) at the end of the crusades?
Give 4 lasting impacts of the Crusades (use p. 407)

24. The Crusades
On your own, annotate the readings Launching the Crusades, The Crusades, and A Thousand Years of Bad Memories.
You will have 20 minutes
Alone, complete the timeline of the Crusades
You will have 10 minutes

25. Two Sides in a Crusade
Annotate information Pope Urban II's call for a crusade and Saladin's call for the reconquest of Jerusalem and then answer the questions. Draw a graphic organizer that compares Urban's and Saladin's arguments for war. Write a paragraph describing the impressions these speeches give you about the Crusades and the people who fought in them.

26. The Crusades Video-Discovery Education: The Crusades
Part 1: 3:57- 15:50; Part 2: 24:54-32:15
Part 1: 3:57- 15:50
What writings did the scholars translate?
What type of math was formed by the Islamic scientist?
What contributions to medicine did the Islamic scientist make?
How long was the Islamic studies of anatomy used by Europeans?
How did Europe learn to make paper?
Part 2: (24:54-32:15)
What city did the crusaders want to conquer?
What type of architecture did the crusaders build in the Middle East?
How do you think the crusades caused cultural diffusion?

27. The Crusades Video-Discovery Education: The Crusades
Part 1: 3:57- 15:50; Part 2: 24:54-32:15

28. Exit Ticket
Answer the following question in the form of a paragraph or concept web on a separate sheet of paper: Using information given in this lesson and Chapter 19 explain why was the Catholic Church able to provide stability during the Middle Ages?