1. Umple Toolkit for Model-Oriented Programming NECSIS Webinar, May 3 2013 Timothy C. Lethbridge, University of Ottawa tcl@eecs.uottawa.ca http://www.eecs.uottawa.ca/~tcl http://www.umple.org

2. Model-Oriented Programming (in general) A new software development paradigm where modeling abstractions can be freely mixed with programming abstractions in the same development artifacts Uses a textual syntax that supports the above Compatible with diagrams, but a diagram is just a view Implies/enables model-driven development executable models T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20132

3. Umple: Simple, Ample, UML Programming Language 1. Textual model-oriented programming tool for UML++ Class diagrams, state diagrams Patterns, aspects, concurrency, constraints, tracing Embeds in C++/Java or vice-versa Separation of concerns by mixins, aspects 2. State-of-the-art, open source code generator Java, C++, XMI, others The only one that has —Infinitely nested state machines, with concurrency —Proper referential integrity and multiplicity constraints T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20133

4. Why Umple and MOP? Human-readable text is preferred by many developers Can be manipulated, searched with many tools Great for version control & variability modeling Modeling concepts are just one further step in the increasing abstraction of programming Text and diagrams are interchangable views of a system Need for ‘better’ formality and model executability Research showed that graphical modeling tools are too heavyweight in many contexts T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20134

5. Key Umple Tools UmpleOnline [Demo http://try.umple.org ]http://try.umple.org For demonstrations For education For exploring ideas quickly Command line compiler [Demo] For traditional programmers, build machines Eclipse Plugin For use like any other compiler in Eclipse For merging with other Eclipse-based modeling tools T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20135

6. Selected Umple features Attributes http://attributes.umple.org Associations http://associations.umple.org Notice the inline and independent associations State Machines http://statemachines.umple.org Switch to ‘GraphViz state diagram’ in the options menu T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20136

7. Demos of generated code Java and Javadoc demo http://helloworld.umple.org Real time C++ demo T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20137

8. How can Umple be Used? 1. Model-driven development a)Start with a UML model Extensive code from this will be generated b) Then embed other needed code in it Main method, special algorithms Can embed and generate for different languages Code can be in different mixed in files T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20138

9. How can Umple be Used? 2. Umplification of legacy code a) Start with an existing system in any textual language b) Embed Umple in it to incrementally replace boilerplate code and raise abstraction We have done this automatically with JHotDraw PhD student Miguel Garzon’s thesis T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 20139

10. How can Umple be Used? 3. Lightweight modeling and prototyping Sketch a model and analyse it Draw pictures starting with a textual format Tends to be faster than using a GUI Expecially for editing and what-if exploration T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201310

11. How can Umple be Used? 4. Adjunct to existing tools (Rhapsody/Simulink) Alternative code generation Alternative model editing Variability modeling Integration of existing code with models generated by these tools Small-scale adding of modeling concepts to existing code T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201311

12. Keys to Quality: A. Umple is written in itself Umple.ump is a central file http://code.google.com/p/umple/source/browse/trunk/cru ise.umple/src/Umple.umphttp://code.google.com/p/umple/source/browse/trunk/cru ise.umple/src/Umple.ump Grammar DSL: Online http://grammar.umple.org (we migrated from Antlr to better handle embedded code blocks and gain flexibility) T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201312

13. Keys to Quality: Umple in itself - 2 Umple’s own class diagram generated by itself, from itself: http://metamodel.umple.org Colours represent key subsystems Click on classes to see Javadoc, and then Umple Code T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201313

14. Keys to Quality: B. TDD with100% pass always required Multiple levels: Parsing tests: basic constructs Metamodel tests: ensure it is populated properly —E.g. http://code.google.com/p/umple/source/browse/trunk/cruise.umple/test/ cruise/umple/compiler/AssociationTest.java http://code.google.com/p/umple/source/browse/trunk/cruise.umple/test/ cruise/umple/compiler/AssociationTest.java Implementation template tests: to ensure constructs generate code that looks as expected Testbed semantic tests: Generate code and make sure it behaves the way it should T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201314

15. Keys to Quality: C. Continuous integration Small increments compiled frequently http://cc.umple.org http://cc.umple.org Single trunk, no branches for now Online QA report: http://qa.umple.orghttp://qa.umple.org T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201315

16. Future Directions: 1. Real Time and Autosar Compliance 1. Extensions to Umple syntax to allow for textual declaration of Autosar capabilities 2. Autosar-compliant code generation in C and C++ Potential uses —R&D of new automotive features —Replacement or complement to existing tools Part of the work of Mahmoud and Ahmed Orabi Also working with Prof. G. Bochmann + Aliaa Alghamdi Plan to generate code for GM adaptive cruise control T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201316

17. Future Directions: 2. Multidimensional Separation of Concerns Umple synergistically combines Mixins Limited aspect oriented capabilities (to be extended) Umple also has a feature modeling capability that will be integrated in the main system soon http://try.umple.org/vml.php Future work on this topic: Vahdat Abdelzad Potential linkage with Clafer T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201317

18. Future Directions: 3. Formalism Done Right Step 1: Formally specify Umple syntax and semantics Already a restricted subset of UML with some extensions Step 2: Since Umple is written in itself, the Umple compiler can become formally specified A path to certifiable code for safety cases Generated code is designed to be readable and of highest quality Work of future student Adesina Opeyemi Collaboration with Prof. Stéphane Somé T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201318

19. Future Directions: 4. Import/Export and Integration Under consideration: Embed Umple in Rhapsody Work with UML models textually Could use Rhapsody or Umple code generators Option to support OMG’s Alf Read XMI, Simulink models and transform to Umple Will allow textual manipulation Have had discussions with OMG about conforming to new standard XMI testcases Discussed with tool vendors about Umple support T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201319

20. Future Directions: 5. Instrumenting & Tracing at the Model level Modeling sublanguage MOTL Specify trace cases to instrument execution under certain conditions Current work of PhD student Hamoud Aljamaan T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201320

21. Future Directions: 6. Model Analysis Metrics Synergistically analyse the combination of code and model Code metrics + model metrics Find hotspots, excessive coupling, etc. Work done in part by Antonio Resende visiting Postdoc from Brasil Umple already has extensive analysis to point out problems in UML models: en.erroren.error T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201321

22. Future Directions: 7. Become and Eclipse Foundation Project Discussions have started T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201322

23. Questions? T. Lethbridge Umple NECSIS Webinar - May 201323