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Newton’s Second Law of Motion
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An unbalanced force acting on an object causes the object to accelerate in the direction of the force.
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10/24/2015 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com; All Rights Reserved. 3 You might unconsciously know the Second Law. Heavier objects require more force to move the same distance as lighter objects.
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Wagon moves this way ForceApplied Unbalanced
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Force, Acceleration, and Mass The greater the force applied to a given object, the greater its acceleration.
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Force, Acceleration, and Mass For a given force, the greater the mass of an object, the smaller its acceleration and vice-versa.
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Newton’s Second Law in Real Life Using Newton’s second law of motion, explain why larger trucks usually need more distance to stop than do smaller trucks.
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Formula for Newton’s Second Law of Motion FORCE = MASS x ACCELERTATION F =force, m= mass, and a =acceleration.
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What does F = ma say? F = ma basically means that the force of an object comes from its mass and its acceleration. Something very small (low mass) that’s changing speed very quickly (high acceleration), like a bullet, can still have a great force. Something very small changing speed very slowly will have a very weak force. Something very massive (high mass) that’s changing speed very slowly (low acceleration), like a glacier, can still have great force.
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10/24/201510 Newton’s second Law con’t. F= M x A Force = Mass x Acceleration the units: -force is measured in Newtons (N) -1 N= 1kg*1 m/s 2 -mass is measured in kilograms (kg)
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10/24/2015 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com; All Rights Reserved. 11 This is an example of how Newton's Second Law works: Mike's car, which weighs 1,000 kg, is out of gas. Mike is trying to push the car to a gas station, and he makes the car go 0.5 m/s 2. Using Newton's Second Law, you can calculate how much force Mike is applying to the car.
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10/24/2015 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com; All Rights Reserved. 12 F = M x A F= 1000 kg x.5 m/s 2 F= 500 k x m/s 2 So F= 500 N http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_science_com p/page_build.cfm?id=none&mod=13
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10/24/2015 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com; All Rights Reserved. 13 Examples What force is needed to push a 10kg shopping cart at 3 m/s 2 ? F=m*a F= 10 kg*3 m/s2 F= 30 N
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Question Identical twins are riding in identical wagons. A friend gives the first wagon a stronger push than the second. Which twin will experience greater acceleration?
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Question Would a car towing a boat take less, the same, or more time to accelerate than it would without the boat? Explain.
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Question What will happen to the acceleration of an object if the mass decreases and the force is constant?
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Question If two identical objects accelerate at the same rate, what must be true of the force applied to each object?
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