1. Essentials/History of Oceanography Grade: «grade» Subject: «subject» Date: «date»

2. 1You collect a sample of plankton while you are travelling. You keep this jar of plankton near a window for a week & then put it in a closet for another week. The water quality is healthy through both weeks. The sample dies off while in the closet. From this basic experiment you can hypothesize that the plankton was: A phytoplankton B zooplankton C chemoautotrophic

3. 2Generally, which of the following is TRUE about phytoplankton & zooplankton A Zooplankton require sunlight and stable temperatures B Phytoplankton can be found deep within the aphotic zone of the ocean C Zooplankon are the primary source of nutrition for phytoplankton D Phytoplankton are smaller than zooplankton

4. 3Which anatomical feature prevents schooling fish from bumping into each other: A Spinous dorsal B Dorsal Line C Lateral Line D Spinous Lateral

5. 4The first people known to have traveled across thousands of miles of open ocean were the A phoenicians B polynesians C greeks D egyptians

6. 5Many squid are considered meroplanktonic. This means: A they spend a portion of thier life as bottom dwellers B they spend all of their life as floaters C they spend a portion of their life as floaters D they spend all of their life as bottom dwellers

7. 6Which of the following pictures demonstrates counter-shading A B C D

8. 7A community is made up of A a group of populations B a group of individuals C a group of organisms D a group of biomes

9. 8Eratosthenes accurately determined the circumference of the Earth to be A 40,000 kilometers B 40,000 miles C 400,000 kilometers D 400,000 miles

10. 9Asterias rubens is the scientific name for the common starfish. These can be found in many coastal waters. These organisms must be __________________ in order to survive in these waters. A eurythermal & stenohaline B eurythermal & euryhaline C stenothermal & stenothermal D stenothermal & euryhaline

11. 10Which of the following is nektonic A A barnical B A dolphin C A dungeness crab D Spirogyra (green algae)

12. 11When considering the salt content, marlin are __________ when compared to their environment. A hypotonic B hypertonic C isotonic D osmotic

13. 12Who was the first to land on/discover North America A Christopher Columbus B Leif Eriksson C Eric the Red D Ferdinand Magellan

14. 13If you depressurize too quickly, which element will form gas bubbles in your blood A hydrogen B oxygen C nitrogen D carbon dioxide

15. 14Fridtjof Nansen and his crew of 13 ended up getting their boat frozen in the ice on an expedition to the Artic. The resulting drifting of the boat yielded what discovery A the Artic has no continent B the Artic is made of a large continent C the gulf stream runs north to south seasonally D the gulf stream runs east to west seasonally

16. 15Orcinus is the _________ for a killer whale. A Kingdom B Phylum C Genus D Species

17. 16In 1915, Alfred Wegener developed the theory of _________ A continental drift/plate tectonics B the magnetic poles of the Earth C Air/Water Streams D tides being controlled by the gravitational pull of the moon

18. 17In which of the following zones would you most likely find a fish with very large, but functional eyes: A epipelagic (euphotic) B mesopelagic (disphotic) C abyssal (aphotic) D bathylpelagic (aphotic)

19. 18The majority of within an aquatic system can be found in: A the epipelagic B the benthic C the euphotic D the bathylpelagic

20. 19Which of the following fins is located on the most posterior portion of the fish: A Soft Dorsal Fin B Caudal Fin C Pectoral Fin D Pelvic Fin

21. 20All of the following are adaptations for plankton dealing with the viscosity of water EXCEPT: A Warm-water copepods have many appendages B Many plankton have a small surface area to volume ration in order to maximize the buoyant force of water C Many plankton produce a small amount of oil to help keep themselves lower in the water column D Cold-water copepods are more hydrodynamic