1. 10/24/20151 Digging the Fourth Grave For Naturalism – No “Dark Energy” Christopher Chui, PhD Acknowledgment: I am indebted to numerous sources in the Internet, NASA photos, and several books, especially John Hartnett’s book “Starlight, Time and the New Physics,” and many research papers of Robert Gentry. http://ChristCenterGospel.org ckchui1@yahoo.com

2. 10/24/20152 God Created the Universe “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” John 1:1 “In the beginning, God created the Heavens and the Earth.” Gen 1:1.

3. Where is the Anti-Matter? The largest accelerator in Fermi Lab near Chicago draws gigawatts of power loading down the power grid. The annual power consumption is over 2 million dollars. With this gigawatt power, very little anti-matter is produced, because it is inherently unstable. It reverts to matter within seconds. Devices to trap the anti-matter require energy. Any imbalance will turn the antimatter back into matter. The rest of the energy is lost to heat! Cooling is required. Again, large amount of energy is required for cooling!

4. 10/24/20154 Ball of Matter vs Big Bang

5. No expansion of space! Clusters of galaxies at the edges of the universe have more gravitational forces than the gravitational forces of our Galaxy to the sun. If expansion of space is possible, then we should NOT see galaxies at all, because forces that can expand the space between clusters will also expand the space inside our Galaxy. Another consequence is that there is NO Cosmological Principle. The Galaxy is at the Center of the Universe!

6. Compare Forces of Clusters to the Sun Mass of Milky Way Galaxy = 200*10^9*SunMass of the Sun = 2*10^30 kg Distance of the Sun to the Center of Galaxy = 8 kpc; 1 pc = 3.261568 ly = 3.085*10^16 m 8 kpc = 2.468E+20 mThe stellar disk of the Milky Way Galaxy is approximately 100,000 light-years (30 kiloparsecs, 9×10^17 km) in diameter F(Galaxy_Sun) = -G* 3.28352E-30 F(CG) / F(GS) Distance between 2 clusters F(Cluster_500_Galaxies) = -G*1.11774E-20 3404104191 100000000 = 100 mly 2.79436E-21851026085.1200000000 = 200 mly 2.79436E-238510260.8512000000000 = 2 bly 2.79436E-2585102.6085120000000000 = 20 bly 2.79436E-27851.02608512E+11 = 200 bly F(Cluster_40_Galaxies) = -G* 7.15356E-23 21786267.78 100000000 = 100 mly 1.78839E-23 5446566.945 200000000 = 200 mly 1.78839E-25 54465.66945 2000000000 = 2 bly 1.78839E-27 544.6566945 20000000000 = 20 bly 1.78839E-29 5.446566945 2E+11 = 200 bly

7. More Comparisons of Forces of Clusters to the Sun Gravitational ForcesF(CG) / F(GS)Distances F(Cluster_50_Galaxies) = -G* 1.11774E-22 34041043.4 100 mly 2.79436E-23 8510260.851 200 mly 2.79436E-25 85102.60851 2 bly 2.79436E-27 851.0260851 20 bly 1.24194E-27 378.2338156 30 bly F(Cluster_40_Galaxies) = -G* 7.15356E-23 21786267.78 100 mly 1.78839E-23 5446566.945 200 mly 1.78839E-25 54465.66945 2 bly 1.78839E-27 544.6566945 20 bly 7.94841E-28 242.069642 30 bly F(Cluster_20_Galaxies) = -G* 1.78839E-23 5446566.945 100 mly 4.47098E-24 1361641.736 200 mly 4.47098E-26 13616.41736 2 bly 4.47098E-28 136.1641736 20 bly 1.9871E-28 60.5174105 30 bly F(Cluster_2_Galaxy) = -G* 1.78839E-25 54465.66945 100 mly 4.47098E-26 13616.41736 200 mly 4.47098E-28 136.1641736 2 bly 4.47098E-30 1.361641736 20 bly 1.9871E-30 0.605174105 30 bly

8. Galaxies are not moving very fast Galaxies are not moving very fast. Otherwise we should see galaxy centers would be moved towards the direction of motion of the galaxy. The center of the Milky Way is moving towards the Virgo Cluster with a velocity of about 90 km/s. The Local Group speeds are about 100 to 400 km/sec towards the Virgo Cluster. The Virgo Cluster is about 60 million light-years away.

9. Galaxy Velocity Dispersion Inside the Local Group, galaxy velocity dispersion is about 72 km/sec. This is also true for dwarfs and giant galaxies. Since the distance of the sun to the center of the Galaxy is about 8 kpc, which is about 2.47 x 10 17 km, the time for the Milky Way Galaxy to disappear is about 100 million years!

10. 10/24/2015 Solving Problems of Dark Matter - Christopher Chui, PhD 10 Contents of the “Big Bang” Universe

11. Strange Speeds at the Edge of the Universe Hubble’s Law: v=Hr H=v/rH=71 km/s/Mpc Radius=13.75 bly=13750000000 ly (for non-expanding cosmos) 1 pc = 3.261568 ly 1 Mpc = 3261568 ly = 3261568 13.75 x 10^9 /3261568 = 4215.76471 x 4215.764 = 299319.2The speed of light = 300000 km/sec % speed of light = 0.997731 x 100% = 99.77%! Impossible! Therefore, all redshifts must be corrected to be less than 0.3.

12. Special Relativity for Mass Increase %speed of light v1-v^2sqrt(1-v^2)1/sqrt(1-v^2)% increase 100.10.990.9949874371.0050378150.503781526 200.20.960.9797958971.0206207262.062072616 300.30.910.9539392011.0482848374.828483672 400.40.840.9165151391.0910894519.108945118 500.50.750.8660254041.15470053815.47005384 600.60.640.81.2525 700.70.510.7141428431.40028008440.0280084 800.80.360.61.66666666766.66666667 900.90.190.4358898942.294157339129.4157339 For galaxies, redshifts of over 30% of the speed of light are impossible! The same is true for QSOs.

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14. 10/24/201514 Space Was Stretched (Cameli 1996)

15. 10/24/201515 Hartnett solutions to equations (2002-2007) The universe has expanded over a short time The hill was initially large but decreased rapidly An expanding white hole with our galaxy at the center No ‘dark’ matter or ‘dark’ energy is needed Day 1, God formed the earth from only water after creating gravitation and electromagnetic energy Day 2, God separated the waters Day 3, God separated the land and water. Plants were also created Day 4, God created the lights to rule the day and night. God also stretched space. He created galaxies

16. 10/24/2015 Digging Graves for Naturalism - Christopher Chui, PhD 16 Harmonize Humphreys, Hartnett, and Gentry Humphreys pioneered the white hole solution (1994) A white hole continuously created matter in the past No white whole has been observed today Hartnett modified the white hole theory using Cameli’s Hartnett solved all problems of dark matter/energy Gentry (1996) showed that space cannot be expanded Space expansion happened only in the early cosmos Space is not expanding now because of conservation We live in a galactocentric universe God wants us to observe the universe to glorify Him

17. 10/24/2015 Digging Graves for Naturalism - Christopher Chui, PhD 17 Other Odd Theories The idea of eternal matter is traceable to the Greeks Eternal universe is a religious concept Multiverses exist only in the minds of atheists There is ZERO evidence for both the eternal matter and those multiverses “The fool has said in his heart, ‘There is no God.’ ” Ps 14:1a “The wicked in his proud countenance does not seek God; God is in none of his thoughts.” Ps 10:4

18. 10/24/2015 Solving Problems of Dark Matter - Christopher Chui, PhD 18 Earth’s clocks were very very slow during 4 th Day Expansion

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21. We live in a galactocentric universe One solution of Einstein’s field equations allows a finite expanding white hole with our Galaxy at the center in the past. Observations from the large galaxy surveys indicate that we live at the center of concentric spherical shells of galaxies with a spacing of about 100 million light-years. Observations indicate that quasars are distributed at discrete redshifts. These quasars are much closer than their redshift distances. They are also distributed on concentric spherical shells The universe was made for a purpose—we are here to observe the Creator’s glorious creation all around us.

22. Gloria Deo “For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them and rested the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.” Ex. 20:11 。 “Then God said, ‘Let there be lights in the firmament of the heavens to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs and seasons, and for days and years;” Gen. 1:14 LIFE MUST BE CREATED BY GOD! THE BIG BANG NEVER HAPPENED! NO DARK MATTER OR DARK ENERGY NEEDED! THE BIBLE IS TRUSTWORTHY IN SCIENCE AND IN FAITH!