1. Homework R-2 due tomorrow Current events article due Friday.

2. Aim: How did the Great Schism and the Hundred Years War bring an end to the Middle Ages? Do Now: Complete the Unam Sanctum reading and questions.

3. 1303: Philip IV (King of France) sent a small army to kidnap Pope Boniface VIII and bring him to France; Pope is rescued and then dies.

4. 1305: Philip IV persuades the College of Cardinals to elect a French Pope → Clement V 1305: Clement moves to Avignon, France → Beginning of the Babylonian Captivity Popes leave Rome and rule from Avignon from 1305-1378

5. 1378: After the death of a pope, Cardinals meet to choose a successor → Urban VI Italian Pope who decides that he is going to rule from Rome, not Avignon French Cardinals are not happy with the new Pope → What do they do? (they decide to select their own French Pope) This is the beginning of The Great Schism (1378-1417) – Two Popes rule at the same time, one from Avignon and one from Rome.

6. 1417: Council of Constance ends the Great Schism. Both Popes are forced out, and a new Pope that everyone could agree on is put in and allowed to serve from Rome. Result: Church has lost much of its prestige and most of its political power.

7. II. The Hundred Years War (1337- 1454) A. Century of periodic warfare between England and France. English are making territorial claims to French lands, French refuse to accept these. B. Both countries start to rely more on peasant foot soldiers than knights. C. Majority of the war, England has the upper hand

8. II. The Hundred Years War (1337- 1454) D. Joan of Arc saves France! a. 1429: Goes to the French dauphin (Charles VII) → tells him that voices have commanded her to lead the French army to victory. b. Joan inspires the French army. She encourages her soldiers to take pride in being French. Under her leadership, they win a huge victory at Orleans, start to push the English out of France. c. Joan is eventually captured by the English and burned for heresy. But thanks to her, France wins the war!

9. Concluding Question For both the Great Schism and the Hundred Years War, provide one reason why this event helped to bring the Middle Ages to a close.