1. Perpetual Motion By Mike Morelli & Isai Martinez

2. What is perpetual motion? ●Motion that continues indefinitely without any external source of energy.

3. So why is it useful? ●Since the theoretical perpetual motion machine requires no external energy, it would be a free source unlimited of energy! ●Wow! That sounds too good to be true.

4. So does it work? ●No, and it never can work. We will discuss why it can never work in this presentation. ●This is true no matter the scale of the system. “Oh ye seekers after perpetual motion, how many vain chimeras have you pursued? Go and take your place with the alchemists.” — Leonardo da Vinci, 1494

5. How does this apply to class? ●After taking this class, we can understand why perpetual motion is impossible to achieve. ●To be short, it is impossible to keep the machine running indefinitely due to friction and other forces acting upon it (Such as Energy lost from heat).

6. What is Thermodynamics? ●Simply, how heat and temperature relate to work and energy. ●There are four laws that constrain different variables in the system. ●Perpetual motion goes against the first two of these laws.

7. First law of thermodynamics ●It is a version of the Law of Conservation of Energy. ●The Law of Conservation of Energy is as we know, that energy can neither be lost or gained (destroyed or created), but merely transforms from one form to another.

8. Second law of thermodynamics ●States that the state of entropy of the entire universe, as a closed isolated system, will always increase over time. ●The second law also states that the changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative.

9. What if we could get rid of Friction? ●Perpetual motion still impossible due to the fact that dissipation can never be completely eliminated from a system. ●It is possible to get very very close, environments like solar systems are prime examples, because planets seem to orbit indefinitely without external energy input.

10. The Solar System ●The motion of celestial bodies are not perpetually moving, because they are acted on by external forces that will end: o Gravity (From other celestial bodies). o Solar wind (From the sun and other stars). o Electromagnetic radiation (Visible light). o Etc.

11. MisLabeled Perpetual Motion Systems Include: ●Drinking bird toys are often believed to go on indefinitely, but drinking birds work from the evaporating water and temperature gradients, meaning when the water runs out they stop. ●Magnetic engines, magnets eventually lose their magnetic field from being damaged by heat and other electromagnetic fields.

12. Works Cited "Dictionary - Definition of perpetual motion""Dictionary - Definition of perpetual motion". Websters-online-dictionary.org. Retrieved 2015-04-12. https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/thermo.html