1. The Birth of the Airplane Dr. Charles H. Marston Professor Emeritus Department of Mechanical Engineering Villanova University

2. The Wright Brothers December 17, 1903 3-Axis control Learn to fly System

3. Cayley’s Silver Disc 1799 Lift and Propulsion Separated

4. Cayley’s Whirling Arm Lift ~ sin(alpha)

5. Cayley’s Model Glider 1804 Low aspect ratio fixed wing Adjustable tail

6. Henson’s Aerial Steam Carriage 1843 London to India 30 Passengers 30 HP

7. Otto Lilienthal Tested Airfoils Hang gliding Inspired the Wrights

8. One of Lilienthal’s Gliders Controlled by shifting weight Fatal crash Aug 1896

9. Octave Chanute Civil Engineer Pratt Truss The Race for True Powered Flight

10. Charles Manley and Samuel Langley

11. Drawing of Langley Aerodrome Dihedral for Lateral Stability

12. Balzer-Manley Engine 52 HP/207 lbm

13. WilburOrville

14. The 1900 Glider Flown as a Kite Note the angle of the tie line (enhanced)

15. 1/3 of Lift 1901 Glider Adverse yaw

16. Discouragement Presentation to Engineer Society Must find causes of reduced lift

17. Balance for measuring C L in the Wind Tunnel

18. ’02 Wright Glider Flown as a Kite

19. ’02 Glider in Flight Vertical Rudder to correct adverse yaw

20. Wright Brothers’ Engine 12 HP/179 lbm

21. The Wright Brothers’ Propellers Designed as a series of airfoils Modern Copy tested at 80% efficiency

22. Crunch Time Fall 1903

23. Langley was aware of the Wright Brothers (and vice versa) Invited Wright’s to Washington No invitation to visit Kitty Hawk Chanute was a friend of both teams

24. Aerodrome Ready for First Launch October 1903

25. Aerodrome First Launch Oct 1903

26. Aerodrome Second Launch Dec 1903

27. Langley Doomed Scaleup design Wrong priorities “All up” public testing Remote management Overhead expenses

28. Kitty Hawk, NC November 28, 1903 Wilbur won the toss Over controlled Shaft failed

29. Side View of Flyer

30. First Flight Dec 17,1903

31. Success Step-by-step “airman” R&D Progam Complete System Built on work of others Remarkable insights Gliders easy to repair Less than $1000 out of pocket

32. Plaque mounted near the Wright Flyer... the world's first power driven, heavier-than-air machine in which man made free, controlled, and sustained flight... By original scientific research the Wright brothers discovered the principles of human flight...

33. Bleriot Headed for England July 1909

34. 100 th Anniversary

36. The aerodrome flies, pilot: Curtiss

37. Aerodrome Restored Now on display at the Smithsonian Udvar-Hazy Museum (Dulles Airport)

38. The World Learns to Fly

39. Derrick Catapult Lower air density in Dayton

40. ’05 Flyer in Flight

41. Santos DuMont 14bis 1906

42. Delagrange in Voisin-Farman First flight in a closed circle in Europe May 1908

43. Curtiss’ June Bug, 1 Km Flight for Sci. Am. Prize July 1908

44. 1908 Back in the Air Test fly new airplanes at Kitty hawk Wilbur to France Orville to Washington, DC

45. Wilbur over France Aug 1908

46. Orville over Fort Meyer Sept. 1908 Army Contract

47. Hubert Latham in Antoinette Ready to Fly the Channel

48. Bleriot Headed for England July 1909