1. Administering Medications through Injections
Medical Tech Prep 2
Administering Medications through Injections

2. Objectives Identify the types of injections administered to patients
Describe the angle, site and types of medications for each type of injection
Compare and contrast an ampule and a vial.
Perform the following skills
Intradermal injection
Subcutaneous injection
Intramuscular injection
Intravenous injection

3. Types of injections Many factors determine the type of injection used
Site
Medication
Patient age
Compromised site
skin,
Disease process
amputation

4. Types of injections Intradermal Commonly used for Needle size
skin tests (TB)
Allergy testing
Needle size
Fine gauge of 26 or 27
3/8 to 5/8 inches in length
Angle of injection
10-15 degrees
Sites used
Anterior forearm
Mid back
Very small amount of medication is administered

5. Types of injections-con’t
Subcutaneous
not more than 2 cc of medication
Needle size
25g to 27 g
½ to 5/8 inches long
Angle of injection
45 degrees
Sites used
Arm (TRICEP area)
Abdomen
Upper thigh (midvastus lateralis)
Common uses
Insulin
Allergy injections
immunizations
Meds of rheumatoid arthritis

6. Types of injections-con’t
Intramuscular
Made into the muscle tissue
Common sites
Deltoid (upper outer)
Gluteus medious (upper outer portion of the hip)
Ventrogluteal (lateral outside portion of the hip)
Vastus lateralis (midportion of the thigh)
Needle size
1-3 inches long
18-23 guage-( dependent of the substance being
injected and patient size)
Angle of needle
90 degrees
Types of medications
Pain
Antinausea
chemotherapy

7. Types of injections-con’t
Intravenous
Only given by a nurse of MD
Medications are introduced directly into the bloodstream
Needle size
1-11/2 inches
gauge
Amount
a few ml to large IV drip (piggy back, primary)
Types of medications
Pain,
Anitibiotics
Vitamins
hydration

8. Preparing the patient
Calm anxiety and fears by explaining the procedure to them
Don’t allow to view the needle
Pediatric patients need added help to restrain
Get consent-usually written
Secure the site

9. Preparing the patient-con’t
Select the site
Dependent on medication
Amount
Painful
type
Size of patient
Weight
Muscular development
Age of patient

10. Preparing the site Remove restrictive clothing Apply gloves
Clean the site
Prepare the medication
Position the patient
decrease muscle tightness
leg/arm/=sitting down
gluteal=standing or lying down

11. Vials and Ampules Many medications come in vial or ampule form
Vial=closed lid with a stopper on the top
Ampule= glass container that must be opened
Medication is drawn into a syringe for administration.

12. Withdraw medication from a vial
See procedure sheet

13. Give an intradermal injection
See procedure sheet

14. Give a subcutaneous injection
See procedure sheet

15. Give an intramuscular injection
See procedure sheet

16. Intravenous medications